Assessment of schizophrenia Flashcards
are men or women more likely to have schizophrenia?
M = F
when does schizophrenia normally start
late adolescence and early adulthood
what causes schizophernia
Increase in dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
OR
decrease in dopaminergic transmission in mesocortical projection
what are some risk factors for schizophrenia
Lower socioeconomic class
Migrant populations and ethnic minorities
Family history of schizophrenia
Urban populations
Obstetric complications
Neurological Abnormalities
1st year parental separation
substance misuse
what are some obstetric complications which increase risk of schizophrenia
Prenatal nutritional deprivation
Prenatal brain injury
Prenatal influenza
what are some symptoms of schizophrenia
Hallucinations
Disorganised Speech
Delusions
Disorganised behaviour
Diminished speech
Emotional Blunting
Diminished Motivation
Diminished Pleasure-seeking
what are the different types of catatonic symptoms
stupor
excitement
waxy flexibility (catalepsy)
stereotypy
mannerism
ambitendence
automatic obedience
what are the symptoms of schizophrenia according to ICD-11
a) Persistent delusions
b) Persistent hallucinations – most commonly auditory
c) Disorganised thinking (FTD)
d) Experiences of influence, passivity, or control
e) Negative symptoms such as affective flattening, alogia or paucity of speech, avolition, asociality, and anhedonia
f) Grossly disorganised behaviour that impedes goal-directed activity e.g., bizarre, purposeless, unpredictable, inappropriate emotional responses
g) Symptoms of catatonia
what is paranoid schizophrenia
mainly delusions and hallucinations
MOST common
what is hebephrenic (disorganised) schizophrenia
affective changes, disturbed behaviour, FTD, mannerisms, social isolation
what type of schizophrenia is most common
paranoid
which type of schizophrenia is most common in people ages 15-25
hebephrenic/disorganised
what is residual schizophrenia
chrnoic stage
from positive to negative symptoms
how do you treat catatonic schizophrenia
Antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, ECT
what is simple schizophrenia
Insidious, progressive development of oddities of conduct, inability to meet the demands of society and decline in total performance.
what is post-schizophrenic depression
Depressive episode arising in the aftermath of a schizophrenic illness
what is the main risk to consider in post-schizophrenic depression
suicide
what is undifferentiated schizophrenia
Meets general diagnostic criteria but does not conform to any subtype, or features of >1 subtype without a clear predominance
what is the most effective schizophrenic drug
clozapine
what is schizophrenia affective disorder
Meet all diagnostic requirements for schizophrenia AND a mood disorder
how do you management a depressive episode in schizoaffective disorder
SSRI
how do you management a manic episode in schizoaffective disorder
mood stabilizer
lithium, sodium valproate
A 30 year old with schizophrenia would like some talking therapy. Which psychological therapy does NICE recommend for all patients?
CBT
A pregnant woman with schizophrenia asks how likely her child is to develop the condition. Her partner does not have a mental illness.
13%
A 17 year old boy has not been able to attend school for 4 months, has lost contact with friends, and is difficult to understand because his sentences don’t make sense. Sometimes he laughs or grimaces for no discernible reason. What subtype of schizophrenia does he have?
Hebephrenic
Affective flattening is characterised by which of the following? - Expressionless and unresponsive facial appearance, lack of eye contact, monotonous voice, all of the above
all of them
