Phase Rule and Phase Equilibrium

Question 1

Phase

Answer 1

homogeneous and physically disinct zone of a system that is separated from other zones of the same system by overlapping surfaces

Question 2

Phase transition

Answer 2

Spontaneous conversion of one phase to another phase

Characteristic temperature for a given pressure

Question 3

Components

Answer 3

Smallest number of constituents that can describe the composition of each phase in the system at equilibrium in the form of a chemical formula
Ice, iiquid and water = 1

Question 4

Degrees of freedom

Answer 4

Least number of intensive variables

Question 5

Intensive properties

Answer 5

Independent of mass

Temperature, pressure, specific volume, density

Question 6

Extensive property

Answer 6

Varies directly with mass

Mass and total volume

Question 7

Gaseous system

Answer 7

2 degrees of freedom

Question 8

Vapor curve

Answer 8

OA

Question 9

Sublimation curve

Answer 9

OC

Question 10

Melting point curve

Answer 10

OB

Question 11

Critical sollution

Answer 11

Maximum temperature at which the two phase region can exist

Question 12

Tie line

Answer 12

Separate into phases o constant composition (conjugate phases)

Question 13

Critical temperature

Answer 13

temperature above which a gas cannot exist in liquid form

Question 14

Critical pressure

Answer 14

Pressure required to liquefy a gas at critical temperature

Question 15

Eutectic mixture

Answer 15

A mixture of two elements which has a lower melting temperature than any of its constituents

Question 16

Eutectic point

Answer 16

Smallest melting temperature of any possible mixture of two compounds

Question 17

Solid dispersions

Answer 17

eutectic mixtures

intimate cyrstalline mixtures of one component in the other

Question 18

Ternary systems/diagrams

Answer 18

Oil, water and alcohol component amount

Question 19

Application of phase diagrams

Answer 19

Prepare solid dispersion and increase solubility and dissolution of poorly soluble drugs
Mixing on solid with another
Determine ratio at which a single liquid phase of two or three liquid phase can be achieved