Clincal Calculations Flashcards
Labels
Name of the drug Dosage Manufacturer Form Expiration date Lot Number Amount Direction Bar code
Product insert
Composition of the drug MOA Indications/Contraindications Precautions Dosage Directions
Five Rights
Right drug Right dose Right client Right route Right time
Heparin Injection
To achieve the best result, partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test is performed prior to and frequently during heparin admin testing coagulation
Intrinsic Factors
Age Body weight Gender Genotype Organ dysfunction
Extrinsic factors
Diet Drug interactions Food interations Herbal products Smoking habits
Geriatric patients
Physiologic function peaks around 30 (kidney function declines 1% every year after)
Multi-drug therapy –> drug interactions
As kidney function decreases
plasma filtration decreases –> drug filtration rate decreases and drug clearance decreases
Serum Creatinine
0.7-1.5 mg/dL
Creatinine production = its excretion
Rise in SCr = worsening renal function
Creatinine Clearance Rate
Represents the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine by kidney filtration per minute
Normal = 100-140 ml/min in males and 80-130 mL/min in females
Cockcroft-Gault Equation used for:
Assess renal function and adjust medication dosage
Medication Consideration
Creatinine clearance rate method for determining drug dose is used when renal function is an important factor in the drug’s metabolism
Medications that require dose adjustments
Antibodics H2 antagonists Diuretics Bisphosphonates Sulfonylureas
Loading dose
Larger-than-usual initial dose to achieve the desired serum level quickly
IBW * drug dose/kg
Maintenance dose
Smaller dose to sustain drug level within therapeutic window during the course of therapy
Healthy: IBW* dose/kg/DI
Renal: CrCl (patient) / CrCl (normal) * dose for healthy
CrCl normal = 100 mL/min
