Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards
what are the pharyngeal constrictor muscles and what nerve are they innervated by ?
inferior, middle and superior
CN X (vagus)
the stylopharyngeus muscle is innervated by what nerve?
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
what does the pharyngeal plexus consist of?
glossopharyngeal nerve for sensory
vagus for motor
what are the aspects of the pharynx?
pharyngeal recess (space)
pharyngeal constrictors
ariepiglottic fold
laryngeal inlet
cricoid lamina
piriform recess
salpingopharyngeal fold
where can food particles get lodged in the pharynx?
piriform recess
what are the internal aspects of the nasopharynx?
pharyngeal recess
pharyngeal tonsil
torus tubarius
auditory tube
salpingopharynheal fold
soft palate
uvula
what are the cartilages of the larynx?
superior and inferior horns (cornua)
cricothyroid joint
cricothyroid membrane
thyrohyoid membrane
epiglottis
arytenoid
vocal ligament
what ways do the arytenoid cartilages move and where ?
slide medially and laterally on cricoid
rotate around vertical axis
cricoarytenoid (synovial) joint
what are the movements of vocal ligaments (folds) and when do they occur?
- tensing of vocal ligaments: phonation (high pitch)
- abduction: inspiration
- adduction: phonation (paramedian position)
- adduction: swallowing, holding breath, valsalva maneuver (median position)
- relaxing vocal ligaments: phonation (low pitch)
what does the cricothyroid muscle do and what is it innervated by?
- tenses and adducts the vocal cords
- innervated by external branch of superior laryngeal nerve of vagus
what does the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle do and what is it innervated by?
- abducts the vocal ligaments
- innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does the arytenoids muscle do and what is it innervated by?
- adducts the vocal ligaments
- innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle do and what is it innervated by?
- adducts the vocal ligaments
- innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve
what does the thyroarytenoid muscle do and what is it innervated by?
-relaxes the vocal ligaments
- innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve
what are the branches of the vagus nerve in the larynx region?
vagus —–> superior and inferior laryngeal nerve —-> superior forms external and internal branches: and inferior laryngeal —–> recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve
what is the motor and sensory innervation for the cough reflex?
sensory limb: internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve
motor limb: nerves that innervate the abdominal wall muscles, thoracic wall muscles, diaphragm and the vagus
what are the three areas of a vocal fold?
false vocal fold: vestibular
true vocal fold: vocal fold
space between is the ventricle
what is aditus?
opening into larynx
what is rima glottidis (slit)?
part of laryngeal cavity between the vocal folds
what is a glottis?
region of the larynx formed by the vocal folds and intervening rima glottidis
what is a laryngeal vestibule?
part of the laryngeal cavity above the vocal folds
what three things travel through the thyrohyoid membrane?
superior laryngeal vein
superior laryngeal artery
internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve