Dental Anesthesia

Question 1

what are the two types of dental injections?

Answer 1

-supraperiosteal
- block injections

Question 2

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with an anterior superior alveolar nerve infiltration injection?

Answer 2

• inject right above the root tip of the canine
• incisors and canines are anesthetized
  ** midline injection may be needed for centrals

Question 3

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with an middle superior alveolar nerve infiltration injection?

Answer 3

• inject right above root tips of first premolar
• premolars and anterior root of 1st molar anesthetized

Question 4

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with an posterior superior alveolar nerve infiltration injection?

Answer 4

• inject right above root tips of 3rd molar
• 2nd, 3rd and posterior root of 1st molars are anesthetized

Question 5

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with an infraorbital nerve block injection?

Answer 5

• infraorbital foramen
• incisors, canines, premolars and anterior root of 1st molar is anesthetized as well as labial-buccal gingiva from midline to 1st molar

Question 6

what muscles would the needle pierce between in an infraorbital nerve block injection?

Answer 6

• levator labii superioris superficial
• levator anguli oris deep

Question 7

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a posterior superior alveolar nerve block injection?

Answer 7

• injection at the posterior superior alveolar foramen
• 2nd, 3rd and posterior roots of 1st molar as well as the labial-buccal gingiva of the 3rd, 2nd and posterior 1st molars

Question 8

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a greater palatine nerve block injection?

Answer 8

• inject the greater palatine foramen
• secondary hard palate and the lingual gingiva from 3rd molars to canines

Question 9

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a nasopalatine nerve block injection?

Answer 9

• inject incisive foramen
• primary hard palate and lingual gingiva of incisors and canines

Question 10

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a maxillary nerve block injection?

Answer 10

• inject the pterygopalatine fossa via the greater palatine foramen and canal
• half the upper arch teeth, labiobuccal and lingual gingiva and half of the hard and soft palate

Question 11

why aren’t mandibular arch infiltration injections used? what are the exceptions?

Answer 11

• mandibular teeth are surrounded by thicker bone that inhibits diffusion of anesthetic solution
• young children and mandibular incisors of adults are the exceptions

Question 12

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a inferior alveolar nerve block injection?

Answer 12

• inject mandibular formamen
• half of the mandibular arch and buccal gingiva from midline to 1st molar is anesthetized

Question 13

where is your thumb placed for an inferior alveolar nerve block?

Answer 13

retromolar fossa

Question 14

explain the path of the needle for an inferior alveolar nerve block

Answer 14

• penetrates the buccinator just lateral to the pterygomandibular raphe
• passes along the medial surface of the ramus
• lateral to the medial pterygoid muscle and sphenomandibular ligament

Question 15

what are some possible complications for an inferior alveolar nerve block?

Answer 15

• anesthetize the parotid gland causing facial paralysis
• anesthetic in muscle
• possible damage to sphenomandibular ligament

Question 16

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a lingual nerve block injection?

Answer 16

• inject tissue adjacent to lingual side of roots of 3rd molar
• lingual gingiva and mandibular arch are anesthetized

Question 17

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a combination inferior alveolar and lingual nerve block injection?

Answer 17

• mandibular foramen and 5-10 mm anterior of it
• half the mandibular arch teeth and lingual gingiva as well as buccal gingiva from midline to 1st molar is anethetized

Question 18

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a mental nerve block injection?

Answer 18

• mental foramen is injected
• incisors, canines and premolars as well as buccal gingiva from midline to 1st molar is anesthetized

Question 19

where do you inject and what becomes anesthetized with a long buccal nerve block injection?

Answer 19

• tissue adjacent to buccal side of roots of 3rd molar is injected
• only buccal gingiva is anesthetized

Question 20

what is the Gow-Gates block injection?

Answer 20

• blocks inferior alveolar, lingual, long buccal and auriculotemporal nerves

Question 21

what is the akenosi block injection?

Answer 21

• closed mouth injection which blocks blocks inferior alveolar, lingual and long buccal