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Head and Neck > Pharynx > Flashcards

Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

Base of skull -> soft palate

Posterior = C1,2

Anterior = nasal cavity

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3
Q

What are the contents of the nasopharynx?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

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4
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the nasopharynx?

A

CN Vb

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5
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

Soft palate -> epiglottis

Posterior = C2,3

Anterior = oral cavity

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6
Q

What are the contents of the oropharynx?

A

Palatine tonsils

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7
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the oropharynx?

A

CN IX

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8
Q

What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

A

Epiglottis -> cricoid cartilage + oesophagus

Posterior = C4,5,6

Anterior = larynx

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9
Q

What are the contents of the laryngopharynx?

A

Piriform fossa

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10
Q

What provides sensory innervation to the laryngopharynx?

A

CN X

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11
Q

What types of muscles are in the pharynx?

A

Longitudinal

Circular

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12
Q

What is the role of the longitudinal muscles?

A

Elevate pharynx and larynx during swallowing

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13
Q

What are the 3 longitudinal muscles?

A

Stylopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus

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14
Q

What are the attachments of stylopharyngeus?

A

Styloid process -> posterior border of thyroid cartilage

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15
Q

What is the innervation of stylopharyngeus?

A

CN IX - glossopharyngeal

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16
Q

What are the attachments of palatopharyngeus?

A

Hard palate -> posterior border of thyroid cartilage

17
Q

What is the innervation of palatopharyngeus?

A

CN X - vagus

18
Q

What are the attachments of salpingopharyngeus?

A

Cartilaginous part of ET -> merges with palatopharyngeus

19
Q

What is the innervation of salpingopharyngeus?

A

CN X - vagus

20
Q

What are the 3 circular muscles?

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor
Middle pharyngeal constrictor
Inferior pharyngeal constrictor

21
Q

What is the role of the circular muscles?

A

Constrict walls of the pharynx when swallowing

22
Q

What are the 2 parts of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Thyropharyngeal

Cricopharyngeal

23
Q

What is the innervation of the circular muscles?

A

CN X - vagus

24
Q

What is a pharyngeal pouch?

A

A posteromedial outpouching of the pharynx

25
Q

What causes a pharyngeal pouch?

A

Failure of the upper oesophageal sphincter to relax

Abnormal timing of swallowing = higher pressure in the laryngopharynx

Weakness in the inferior constrictor muscle produces outpouching

26
Q

What are the symptoms of a pharyngeal pouch?

A

Bad breath
Regurgitation of food
Difficulty swallowing

Head and Neck (20 decks)

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