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Head and Neck > Basics of the Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Basics of the Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the central nervous system?

A

Cerebral hemispheres
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Spinal cord

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2
Q

What are the components of the peripheral nervous system?

A

Dorsal and ventral roots
Spinal nerves
Peripheral nerves

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3
Q

When does the CNS become the PNS?

A

As soon as you leave the spinal cord

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4
Q

What are the main parts of the brainstem?

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

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5
Q

What are the roles of the midbrain?

A

Eye movements

Reflex responses to sound and vision

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6
Q

What are the roles of the pons?

A

Feeding

Sleep

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7
Q

What are the roles of the medulla?

A

Cardiovascular centres

Respiratory centres

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8
Q

What is a sulcus?

A

A groove separating adjacent gyri

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9
Q

What is a gyrus?

A

A fold in the brain

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10
Q

What is a fissure?

A

A large split between adjacent large areas of the brain

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11
Q

What is the significance of the central sulcus?

A

Ventral (anterior) to sulcus is motor

Dorsal (posterior) to sulcus is sensory

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12
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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13
Q

What is the role of the frontal lobe?

A

Higher cognition
Motor function
Speech

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14
Q

What is the role of the parietal lobe?

A

Sensation

Spatial awareness

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15
Q

What is the role of the temporal lobe?

A

Memory
Smell
Hearing

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16
Q

What is the role of the occipital lobe?

A

Vision

17
Q

What is the role of the cerebellum?

A

Co-ordination

Motor learning

18
Q

What is the optic chiasm?

A

A site where the fibres in the visual system cross over

19
Q

What is the uncus?

A

Part of the temporal lobe that can herniate compressing the midbrain

20
Q

What are the medullary pyramids?

A

Location of descending motor fibres

21
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

Fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

22
Q

What is the thalamus?

A

Sensory relay station projecting into the sensory cortex

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