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anatomy - GIT 1 > pharynx > Flashcards

pharynx Flashcards

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Git Commands flashcards
1
Q

what is the pharnyx?

A

muscular tube that links the nose, mouth and throat

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2
Q

what is the function of the pharynx?

A

conducts air, muscles direct food to oesophagus

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3
Q

what are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopahrynx

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4
Q

what is the function of the nasopharynx?

A

respiratory

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5
Q

in which part of the pharynx is the opening of the auditory tube?

A

nasopharynx

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6
Q

what part of the pharynx is the lacrimal duct?

A

nasopharynx

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7
Q

is there communication between eyes and nose?

A

yes

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8
Q

what are tonsils?

A

collections of inflammatory tissue, 1st line of defence

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9
Q

which 2 tonsils are in the nasopharynx?

A

tubul and pharyngeal (adenoids)

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10
Q

what is the function of the oropharynx?

A

digestion

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11
Q

what is the superior part of the oropharynx?

A

soft tissue

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12
Q

what is the inferior part of the oropharynx?

A

base of tongue, epiglottis

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13
Q

what is the function of the epiglottis and what is it made of?

A

flap that prevents food entering the wind pipe, elastic cartilage

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14
Q

what is the name of the closser arch in the oropharynx?

A

palatoglossal

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15
Q

what is the name of the further away arch in the oropharynx?

A

palatopharyngeal

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16
Q

which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

A

palatine

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17
Q

what is the collective name for the 3 sets of tonsils?

A

waldeyers ring

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18
Q

what is the superior part of the laryngopharynx?

A

epiglottis

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19
Q

what is the inferior part of the laryngopharynx?

A

cricoid cartilage

20
Q

what is the piriform fossa?

A

a danger zone for choking, it has limited space and swells when food particles get stuck

21
Q

which part of the pharynx is the piriform fossa in?

A

laryngopharynx

22
Q

what are the 3 muscles in the pharynx?

A

superior constrictor, middle constrictor and inferior constrictor

23
Q

what is the name of the only bone in the body not connected to another bone?

A

hyoid bone

24
Q

which motor nerves supply the pharynx?

A

CN X (vagus nerve)

25
Q

which sensory nerve supplies the pharynx?

A

CN 9 (glossopharyngeal)

26
Q

what is the name for the collection of nerves 9 and 10?

A

pharyngeal plexus

27
Q

name 2 infections associated with the pharynx?

A

tonsilitis and middle ear infection

28
Q

what occurs during the oral phase of swallowing?

A

food is moved posteriorly
some food can pass onto pharyngeal tongue surface
liquid remains in front pillars of mouth

29
Q

what occurs during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?

A 
oropharynx to laryngopharynx
soft palate raises
depression of epiglottis
contraction of vocal folds
relaxation of upper oesophageal spinchter
30
Q

what occurs during the oesophageal phase of swallowing?

A

peristalsis

31
Q

where is the pharyngeal plexus?

A

surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle

32
Q

which vessels are closely related to the pharynx?

A

common carotid artery and internal jugular veins

33
Q

how does the muscular arrangement of the pharyngeal muscles differ from the rest of the G.I tract?

A

outer circular and inner longitudinal

34
Q

what is the role of the pharyngeal constrictors?

A

contraction of pharynx

35
Q

what happens if the nerve supply to the pharyngeal constrictors is damaged?

A

inability for food to pass down sufficiently

36
Q

what are the anatomical boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

base of skull to upper surface of soft palate

37
Q

what is the auditory tube called and what dopes it connect?

A

eustachian tube - connects middle ear to nasopharynx

38
Q

which lymphoid tissues are closely related to the opening of the eustachian tube?

A

tubul and pharyngeal tonsils

39
Q

why is the auditory tube a problematic site in children?

A

shorter and straighter allowing easier access for infection

40
Q

where is in the GIT is the opening of the eustachian tube?

A

nasopharynx

41
Q

where is in the GIT is the lacrimal gland?

A

nasopharynx

42
Q

where is in the GIT are the tubule tonsils?

A

nasopharynx

43
Q

where is in the GIT are the pharyngeal/adenoid tonsils?

A

nasopharynx

44
Q

where is in the GIT is the epiglottis?

A

oropharynx

45
Q

where is in the GIT are the palatine tonsils?

A

oropharynx

46
Q

where is in the GIT is the cricoid cartilage?

A

in the laryngopharynx below the thyroid cartilage

47
Q

where is in the GIT is the piriform fossa?

A

laryngopharynx

anatomy - GIT 1 (12 decks)

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