pharynx

Question 1

what is the pharnyx?

Answer 1

muscular tube that links the nose, mouth and throat

Question 2

what is the function of the pharynx?

Answer 2

conducts air, muscles direct food to oesophagus

Question 3

what are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

Answer 3

nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopahrynx

Question 4

what is the function of the nasopharynx?

Answer 4

respiratory

Question 5

in which part of the pharynx is the opening of the auditory tube?

Answer 5

nasopharynx

Question 6

what part of the pharynx is the lacrimal duct?

Answer 6

nasopharynx

Question 7

is there communication between eyes and nose?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what are tonsils?

Answer 8

collections of inflammatory tissue, 1st line of defence

Question 9

which 2 tonsils are in the nasopharynx?

Answer 9

tubul and pharyngeal (adenoids)

Question 10

what is the function of the oropharynx?

Answer 10

digestion

Question 11

what is the superior part of the oropharynx?

Answer 11

soft tissue

Question 12

what is the inferior part of the oropharynx?

Answer 12

base of tongue, epiglottis

Question 13

what is the function of the epiglottis and what is it made of?

Answer 13

flap that prevents food entering the wind pipe, elastic cartilage

Question 14

what is the name of the closser arch in the oropharynx?

Answer 14

palatoglossal

Question 15

what is the name of the further away arch in the oropharynx?

Answer 15

palatopharyngeal

Question 16

which tonsils are found in the oropharynx?

Answer 16

palatine

Question 17

what is the collective name for the 3 sets of tonsils?

Answer 17

waldeyers ring

Question 18

what is the superior part of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 18

epiglottis

Question 19

what is the inferior part of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 19

cricoid cartilage

Question 20

what is the piriform fossa?

Answer 20

a danger zone for choking, it has limited space and swells when food particles get stuck

Question 21

which part of the pharynx is the piriform fossa in?

Answer 21

laryngopharynx

Question 22

what are the 3 muscles in the pharynx?

Answer 22

superior constrictor, middle constrictor and inferior constrictor

Question 23

what is the name of the only bone in the body not connected to another bone?

Answer 23

hyoid bone

Question 24

which motor nerves supply the pharynx?

Answer 24

CN X (vagus nerve)

Question 25

which sensory nerve supplies the pharynx?

Answer 25

CN 9 (glossopharyngeal)

Question 26

what is the name for the collection of nerves 9 and 10?

Answer 26

pharyngeal plexus

Question 27

name 2 infections associated with the pharynx?

Answer 27

tonsilitis and middle ear infection

Question 28

what occurs during the oral phase of swallowing?

Answer 28

food is moved posteriorly some food can pass onto pharyngeal tongue surface liquid remains in front pillars of mouth

Question 29

what occurs during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?

Answer 29

``` oropharynx to laryngopharynx soft palate raises depression of epiglottis contraction of vocal folds relaxation of upper oesophageal spinchter ```

Question 30

what occurs during the oesophageal phase of swallowing?

Answer 30

peristalsis

Question 31

where is the pharyngeal plexus?

Answer 31

surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle

Question 32

which vessels are closely related to the pharynx?

Answer 32

common carotid artery and internal jugular veins

Question 33

how does the muscular arrangement of the pharyngeal muscles differ from the rest of the G.I tract?

Answer 33

outer circular and inner longitudinal

Question 34

what is the role of the pharyngeal constrictors?

Answer 34

contraction of pharynx

Question 35

what happens if the nerve supply to the pharyngeal constrictors is damaged?

Answer 35

inability for food to pass down sufficiently

Question 36

what are the anatomical boundaries of the nasopharynx?

Answer 36

base of skull to upper surface of soft palate

Question 37

what is the auditory tube called and what dopes it connect?

Answer 37

eustachian tube - connects middle ear to nasopharynx

Question 38

which lymphoid tissues are closely related to the opening of the eustachian tube?

Answer 38

tubul and pharyngeal tonsils

Question 39

why is the auditory tube a problematic site in children?

Answer 39

shorter and straighter allowing easier access for infection

Question 40

where is in the GIT is the opening of the eustachian tube?

Answer 40

nasopharynx

Question 41

where is in the GIT is the lacrimal gland?

Answer 41

nasopharynx

Question 42

where is in the GIT are the tubule tonsils?

Answer 42

nasopharynx

Question 43

where is in the GIT are the pharyngeal/adenoid tonsils?

Answer 43

nasopharynx

Question 44

where is in the GIT is the epiglottis?

Answer 44

oropharynx

Question 45

where is in the GIT are the palatine tonsils?

Answer 45

oropharynx

Question 46

where is in the GIT is the cricoid cartilage?

Answer 46

in the laryngopharynx below the thyroid cartilage

Question 47

where is in the GIT is the piriform fossa?

Answer 47

laryngopharynx