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anatomy - GIT 1 > oesophagus > Flashcards

oesophagus Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the oesophagus?

A

muscular tube between pharynx and stomach

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2
Q

what is the function of sphincters and which 2 are found in the oesophagus ?

A

open and close things, upper and lower oesohageal sphincter

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3
Q

which type of epithelium lines the oesophagus in the mucosa layer?

A

stratified squamous (non-keratinised)

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4
Q

what are the 4 layers of the oesophagus?

A

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria and adventitia

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5
Q

what is in the mucosa layer of the oesophagus?

A

epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae

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6
Q

what is in the submucosa layer of the oesophagus?

A

connective tissue (collagen), blood vessels, lymphatics, nerve plexus and glands

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7
Q

what does the muscularis propria consist of?

A

iner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer

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8
Q

what type of muscle is in the upper 1/3 of the oesphagus?

A

skeletal - voluntary control

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9
Q

what type of muscle is in the middle 1/3 of the oesphagus?

A

mixed - partial voluntary control

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10
Q

what type of muscle is in the lower 1/3 of the oesphagus?

A

smooth - non voluntary

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11
Q

where in the oesophagus does cancer often develop as a result of gastro oesophageal reflux disease?

A

gastro-oesophageal junction

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12
Q

how does the muscle type vary throughout the length of the oesophagus?

A

upper- skeletal
middle- mixed
lower- smooth

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13
Q

what forms the lower oesophageal sphincter?

A

diaphragm

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14
Q

what is a barium swallow and what does it detect?

A

test used to determine cause if painful swallowing

detects narrowing of oesophagus

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15
Q

what is dysphagia?

A

swallowing difficulties

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16
Q

what is the clinical name for a problem in the oesophagus?

A

achalasia

17
Q

how can achalasia be treated?

A

ballon dilatation

18
Q

what is present in the adventitia of the oesophagus?

A

major blood vessels, nerves and adipose tissue

19
Q

what is the clinical name for the oesophageal abnormality caused by GORD?

A

barrets oesophagus

20
Q

which is precancerous, metaplasia or dysplasia?

A

metaplasia

21
Q

which is cancerous, metaplasia or dysplasia?

A

dysplasia

22
Q

which anatomical structure sits posteriorly to the oesophagus?

A

trachea

23
Q

what is the clinical term for an abnormal connection in one or more places between the oesophagus?

A

tracheo-oseophageal fistula

anatomy - GIT 1 (12 decks)

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