stomach Flashcards
name the organs inside the abdomen
oesophagus, liver, stomach, gallbladder, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, appendix, kidneys and spleen
what is section 1 of the abdomen called?
right hypochondrium
what is section 2 of the abdomen called?
epigastric
what is section 3 of the abdomen called?
left hypochondrium
what is section 4 of the abdomen called?
right lumbar
what is section 5 of the abdomen called?
umbilical
what is section 6 of the abdomen called?
left lumbar
what is section 7 of the abdomen called?
right iliac fossa
what is section 8 of the abdomen called?
suprapubic
what is section 9 of the abdomen called?
left iliac fossa
which section of the abdomen is the stomach in?
left hypochondrium (3) and epigastric (2) (mostly epigastric)
name the parts of the stomach
cardia, body, pylorus, fundus
what is the function of the stomach?
stores food, mix gastric juices, chemical and mechanical function, limited absorbtion
what are the secretory cells in the stomach?
mucus secreting cells, paretial cells, chief cells and endocrine cells
what do parietal (oxyntic) cells secrete?
HCl and intrinsic factors (vit b absorbtion)
what do chief cells secrete?
pepsinogen
what do endocrine cells in the stomach secrete?
gastrin
what attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach?
greater omentum
what is the greater omentum?
large fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs from the stomach
what is contained within the greater omentum?
adipose tissue, lymphatics, blood vessels, nerves
what is the role of the greater omentum?
encase infection
what are the fold in the inner lining of the stomach called?
rugae
which cells type is in the cardia of the stomach?
mucous
which cells type is in the body of the stomach?
parietal
which cells type is in the pylorus of the stomach?
mucous
what is the name of the material churned in the stomach?
chyme
embryonically what are the divisions of the gut referred to and which on does the stomach come under?
foregut, midgut and hindgut
stomach is foregot
what is peritoneum?
serous membrane
what is mesentery?
double layer peritoneum
what does retroperitoneal mean?
behind peritoneum
name 3 structures which are retroperitoneal?
kidneys, pancreas, duodenum
what is the function of peritoneum?
support and connect internal organs
what is greater omentum?
fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach
which to structures does mesentery attach to?
small and large intestine
what is parietal peritoneum?
peritoneum that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities
what os visceral peritoneum?
peritoneum that covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs, including the intestinal tract.
describe what occurs inside a parietal cell to produce HCl
- water dissociates
- hydroxyl ions combine with CO2 with the help of carbonic anhydrase to produce bicarbonate which moves out into interstitial fluid
- HCO3 moving out allows Cl to move in
- H ions pumped out into lumen in exchange for K ions, creating electrical gradient which transports Cl out into lumen
which vessels drain the stomach?
left and right gastric veins drain into portal veins
which vessels supply the stomach?
- gastric arteries
- gastroepiploic arteries
