Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anatomy - GIT 1 > large intestine > Flashcards

large intestine Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Git Commands flashcards
1
Q

which part of the large intestine receives chyme from the ileum?

A

caecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the first section of the large intestine called?

A

ascending colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the second section of the large intestine called?

A

transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the third section of the large intestine called?

A

descending colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the s-shaped part of the large intestine at the end called?

A

sigmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the turn in the large intestine at the liver called?

A

hepatic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the bend in the large intestine at the spleen called?

A

splenic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the longitudinal muscle of the large intestine called?

A

taenia coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

inner circular muscle make up what structure of the large intestine?

A

haustrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the fatty tags on the large intestine called?

A

appendice epipliocae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the collection of blood vessels in the anus called?

A

internal hemorrhoidal plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the 2 anal sphincters called?

A

external and internal sphincters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which anal sphincter is voluntary?

A

external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which anal sphincter is involuntary?

A

internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why are children not fully competent till 2 years old?

A

nerves have not fully developed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the auction between the small and large intestine called?

A

ileo-ceacal junction or valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why is the ileo-ceacal valve not a true valve?

A

it does not open and close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which structure leads off from the caecum?

A

appendix

19
Q

what is the main function of the large intestine?

A

fluid absorption

20
Q

in which ways are the structures of the small and large intestine similar?

A

. same epithelium with goblet cells
. intestinal crypts of leibemkuhn
. mucosal glands

21
Q

what type of epithelium is present in the large intestine?

A

simple columnar

22
Q

what are dips in the epithelial lining of the the large and small intestine called?

A

intestinal crypts of leibemkuhn

23
Q

in which ways are the structures of the small and large intestine different?

A

. no villi in large
. incomplete layer of longitudinal muscle (tania coli)
. ring like arrangement of circular muscle (haustrae)
. small ecoli in large

24
Q

which area of the large intestine is most prone to cancer and why?

A

recto-anal junction as there is an abrupt change in epithelium

25
Q

what does the colon absorb from chyme?

A

fluid and electrolytes

26
Q

what clinical condition is caused by failure to reabsorb in the large intestine?

A

diarrhoea

27
Q

what is the intestinal flora?

A

resident microbial population of the large intestine

28
Q

what is the function of the intestinal flora?

A

. ferment dietary fibre (cellulose) and lipid
. produce gas by bacterial fermentation
. synthesise vitamin k and b

29
Q

what is the function of vitamin B?

A

cell metabolism (b12)

30
Q

what is the function of vitamin K?

A

blood clotting

31
Q

what are the 3 types of movement carried out by the large intestine?

A

mixing, propulsive, mass movement

32
Q

how does the large intestine carry out mixing movement?

A

local contraction of circular muscle,

33
Q

how does the large intestine carry out propulsive movement?

A

peristalsis (short range in traverse and descending colon)

34
Q

how does the large intestine carry out mass movement?

A

infrequent more sustained contractions after meals, move chyme/faeces from proximal colon to distal colon

35
Q

what is the ejection of faecal matter from the rectum via the anal canal known as?

A

defaecation

36
Q

which muscle are the rectum and internal anal sphincter made of?

A

smooth

37
Q

what type of muscle is the external sphincter made of?

A

striated

38
Q

what is a colonoscopy?

A

surgical procedure bringing 1 end of large intestine out through abdominal wall

39
Q

what is the name of the surgical procedure which involves bringing the end or loop of the small intestine out through the abdominal wall?

A

ileostomy

40
Q

what is the name for an artificial hole in the abdomen that allows faeces to be disposed through?

A

stoma

41
Q

what is diarrhoea mainly caused by?

A

GIT infection

42
Q

in what way may diarrhoea be caused as a result of the large intestine?

A

failure to reabsorb, reduced colonic motility - less mixing - less fluid absorption

43
Q

what may constipation be caused by?

A

increase fluid absorption, GIT spasm, side effect of drugs such as opiates, dietary fibre

anatomy - GIT 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions