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Neuro III > Pharynx > Flashcards

Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

what does the pharynx connect

A

oral and nasal cavities to the larynx

oral cavity to esophagus

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2
Q

what does the pharynx connect

A

oral and nasal cavities to the larynx

oral cavity to esophagus

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3
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

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4
Q

what 7 cavities can the pharynx communicate with

A 
nasal cavities (2) via chonae
Tympanic cavities (2) via auditory tube
oral cavity
larynx
esophagus
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5
Q

What are the internal features of the nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal recess, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil, torus tubarious, salpingopharyngeal fold, levator pad

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6
Q

What are the adenoids

A

enlarged, inflammed pharyngeal tonsils
can make breathing difficult
can also spread to middle ear causing otitis media

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7
Q

what type of tissue is the tubal tonsil made of

A

lymphoid

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8
Q

where is the tubal tonsil located

A

near opening of auditory tube

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9
Q

What is the torus tubularis

A

mucosal prominence formed by cartilage of auditory tube

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10
Q

What structure represents the opening of the auditory tube

A

pharyngeal ostium below the torus tubularis

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11
Q

What is the salpingopharyngeal fold

A

fold of mucosa over salpingopharyngeaus muscle

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12
Q

what is the o and i of salpingopharyngeus

action and inn

A

o: cartilage auditory tube
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: assist in swallowing

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13
Q

what is the levator pad and where is it

A

fold of mucosa overlaying levator veli palatini m located below torus tubarius

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14
Q

What structures are in the oropharynx

A

facuces, faucial pillars, palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal archm tonsillar bed/fossa
palatine tonsil
epiglottic valleculae

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15
Q

what are the fauces of oropharynx

A

passageway from mouth to oropharynx

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16
Q

what are the faucial pillars

A

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

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17
Q

what is the palatoglossal arch formed by

A

fold of mucosa over the palatoglossus muscle

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18
Q

o and i, action and inn of palatoglossus m

A

o: soft palate
i: tongue
inn: vagus
action: pulls tongue and soft palate together for swallowing

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19
Q

what is the palatopharyngeal arch formed by

A

mucosa over the palatopharyngeal m

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20
Q

o an i, action and inn of palatopharyngeal m

A

o: soft palate
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: swallowing

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21
Q

Where is the tonsillar bed/fossa

A

depression between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

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22
Q

What structures form the tonsillar bed

A

superior constrictor, hyoglossus, middle constrictor

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23
Q

What type of tissue is the palatine tonsil and where is it found

A

lymphoid tissue, found within tonsillar bed

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24
Q

Where are the epiglottic valleculae and what forms them

A

depressions between epiglottis and posteiror tongue, formed by lateral and median glossoepiglottic folds

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25
Q

What are the structures in the laryngopharynx

A

laryngeal inlet, piriform recess

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26
Q

what is the laryngeal inlet of laryngopharynx

A

anterior communication with larynx

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27
Q

what is the piriform recess and what n runs deep to it

A

depression lateral to larynx, internal laryngeal n runs deep to mucosa

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28
Q

what does the laryngopharynx become

A

esophagus

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29
Q

where can lodged food from swallowing get stuck

A

in the epiglottic valleculae or piriform recesses

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30
Q

What could happen if food gets stuck in the piriform recess

A

can puncture and hurt the internal laryngeal n, thus altering vocal folds

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31
Q

What are the fascias of the pharynx

A

pharyngobasilar fascia which lines the mm of pharynx internally
buccopharyngeal fascia which covers mm of pharynx externally

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32
Q

Where is superior constrictor m, inn and action

A

ciruclarly oriented, attaches to base of skull
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus
swallowing

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33
Q

where is the inferior constrictor, inn and action

A

circularly oriented attaches to thyroid and cricoid cartilages
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing

34
Q

where is the inferior constrictor, inn and action

A

circularly oriented attaches to thyroid and cricoid cartilages
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing

35
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

36
Q

what 7 cavities can the pharynx communicate with

A 
nasal cavities (2) via chonae
Tympanic cavities (2) via auditory tube
oral cavity
larynx
esophagus
37
Q

What are the internal features of the nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal recess, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil, torus tubarious, salpingopharyngeal fold, levator pad

38
Q

What are the adenoids

A

enlarged, inflammed pharyngeal tonsils
can make breathing difficult
can also spread to middle ear causing otitis media

39
Q

what type of tissue is the tubal tonsil made of

A

lymphoid

40
Q

where is the tubal tonsil located

A

near opening of auditory tube

41
Q

What is the torus tubularis

A

mucosal prominence formed by cartilage of auditory tube

42
Q

What structure represents the opening of the auditory tube

A

pharyngeal ostium below the torus tubularis

43
Q

What is the salpingopharyngeal fold

A

fold of mucosa over salpingopharyngeaus muscle

44
Q

what is the o and i of salpingopharyngeus

action and inn

A

o: cartilage auditory tube
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: assist in swallowing

45
Q

what is the levator pad and where is it

A

fold of mucosa overlaying levator veli palatini m located below torus tubarius

46
Q

What structures are in the oropharynx

A

facuces, faucial pillars, palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal archm tonsillar bed/fossa
palatine tonsil
epiglottic valleculae

47
Q

what are the fauces of oropharynx

A

passageway from mouth to oropharynx

48
Q

what are the faucial pillars

A

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

49
Q

what is the palatoglossal arch formed by

A

fold of mucosa over the palatoglossus muscle

50
Q

o and i, action and inn of palatoglossus m

A

o: soft palate
i: tongue
inn: vagus
action: pulls tongue and soft palate together for swallowing

51
Q

what is the palatopharyngeal arch formed by

A

mucosa over the palatopharyngeal m

52
Q

o an i, action and inn of palatopharyngeal m

A

o: soft palate
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: swallowing

53
Q

Where is the tonsillar bed/fossa

A

depression between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

54
Q

What structures form the tonsillar bed

A

superior constrictor, hyoglossus, middle constrictor

55
Q

What type of tissue is the palatine tonsil and where is it found

A

lymphoid tissue, found within tonsillar bed

56
Q

Where are the epiglottic valleculae and what forms them

A

depressions between epiglottis and posteiror tongue, formed by lateral and median glossoepiglottic folds

57
Q

What are the structures in the laryngopharynx

A

laryngeal inlet, piriform recess

58
Q

what is the laryngeal inlet of laryngopharynx

A

anterior communication with larynx

59
Q

what is the piriform recess and what n runs deep to it

A

depression lateral to larynx, internal laryngeal n runs deep to mucosa

60
Q

what does the laryngopharynx become

A

esophagus

61
Q

where can lodged food from swallowing get stuck

A

in the epiglottic valleculae or piriform recesses

62
Q

What could happen if food gets stuck in the piriform recess

A

can puncture and hurt the internal laryngeal n, thus altering vocal folds

63
Q

What are the fascias of the pharynx

A

pharyngobasilar fascia which lines the mm of pharynx internally
buccopharyngeal fascia which covers mm of pharynx externally

64
Q

Where is superior constrictor m, inn and action

A

ciruclarly oriented, attaches to base of skull
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus
swallowing

65
Q

where is the middle constrictor, inn and action

A

circularly oriented attaches to hyoid bone, inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing

66
Q

where is the inferior constrictor, inn and action

A

circularly oriented attaches to thyroid and cricoid cartilages
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing

67
Q

o and i, inn action of stylopharyngeus

A

o: styloid process
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: IX
action: swallowing

68
Q

o and i, inn,action of salpingopharyngeus

A

o: cartilage auditory tube
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: X
action: swallowing

69
Q

o and i, inn and action of palatopharyngeus

A

o: hard and soft palates
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: X
action: swallowing

70
Q

What do all of the pharyngeal constrictors attach to

A

the pharyngeal raphe posteriorly, CT that attaches to pharyngeal tubercle on base of skull

71
Q

How many gaps are formed by the overlapping pharyngeal mm

A

4

72
Q

Where is gap 1 in pharynx and what structures around found in it

A

between base of skull and superior constrictor

passage of levator veli palatini and auditory tube

73
Q

Where is gap 2 in pharynx and what structures around found in it

A

between superior and middle constrictors

passage of stylopharyngeus and glosspharyngeal n (IX)

74
Q

Where is gap 3 in pharynx and what structures around found in it

A

between middle and inferior constrictors

passage of internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal a

75
Q

Where is gap 4 in pharynx and what structures around found in it

A

between inferior constrictor m and esophagus

passage for inferior (recurrent) laryngeal n and a

76
Q

What aa and vv provide pharynx

A

superior thyroid a, ascending pharyngeal a

vv: pharyngeal plexus which goes to internal jugular v

77
Q

What nn fibers are in pharyngeal n plexus

A

SVE from vagus and IX
GVA from IX
SANS from cervical sympathetic chain

78
Q

Describe inn involved in gag reflex

A

afferent IX

efferent X

79
Q

How is the gag reflex stimulated

A

touching roof of tongue, oropharynx

80
Q

What are the main drainage of lymph for pharynx

A

retropharyngeal, deep cervical

Neuro III (10 decks)

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