Pharynx Flashcards
what does the pharynx connect
oral and nasal cavities to the larynx
oral cavity to esophagus
what does the pharynx connect
oral and nasal cavities to the larynx
oral cavity to esophagus
What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
what 7 cavities can the pharynx communicate with
nasal cavities (2) via chonae Tympanic cavities (2) via auditory tube oral cavity larynx esophagus
What are the internal features of the nasopharynx
pharyngeal recess, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil, torus tubarious, salpingopharyngeal fold, levator pad
What are the adenoids
enlarged, inflammed pharyngeal tonsils
can make breathing difficult
can also spread to middle ear causing otitis media
what type of tissue is the tubal tonsil made of
lymphoid
where is the tubal tonsil located
near opening of auditory tube
What is the torus tubularis
mucosal prominence formed by cartilage of auditory tube
What structure represents the opening of the auditory tube
pharyngeal ostium below the torus tubularis
What is the salpingopharyngeal fold
fold of mucosa over salpingopharyngeaus muscle
what is the o and i of salpingopharyngeus
action and inn
o: cartilage auditory tube
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: assist in swallowing
what is the levator pad and where is it
fold of mucosa overlaying levator veli palatini m located below torus tubarius
What structures are in the oropharynx
facuces, faucial pillars, palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal archm tonsillar bed/fossa
palatine tonsil
epiglottic valleculae
what are the fauces of oropharynx
passageway from mouth to oropharynx
what are the faucial pillars
palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
what is the palatoglossal arch formed by
fold of mucosa over the palatoglossus muscle
o and i, action and inn of palatoglossus m
o: soft palate
i: tongue
inn: vagus
action: pulls tongue and soft palate together for swallowing
what is the palatopharyngeal arch formed by
mucosa over the palatopharyngeal m
o an i, action and inn of palatopharyngeal m
o: soft palate
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: swallowing
Where is the tonsillar bed/fossa
depression between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
What structures form the tonsillar bed
superior constrictor, hyoglossus, middle constrictor
What type of tissue is the palatine tonsil and where is it found
lymphoid tissue, found within tonsillar bed
Where are the epiglottic valleculae and what forms them
depressions between epiglottis and posteiror tongue, formed by lateral and median glossoepiglottic folds
What are the structures in the laryngopharynx
laryngeal inlet, piriform recess
what is the laryngeal inlet of laryngopharynx
anterior communication with larynx
what is the piriform recess and what n runs deep to it
depression lateral to larynx, internal laryngeal n runs deep to mucosa
what does the laryngopharynx become
esophagus
where can lodged food from swallowing get stuck
in the epiglottic valleculae or piriform recesses
What could happen if food gets stuck in the piriform recess
can puncture and hurt the internal laryngeal n, thus altering vocal folds
What are the fascias of the pharynx
pharyngobasilar fascia which lines the mm of pharynx internally
buccopharyngeal fascia which covers mm of pharynx externally
Where is superior constrictor m, inn and action
ciruclarly oriented, attaches to base of skull
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus
swallowing
where is the inferior constrictor, inn and action
circularly oriented attaches to thyroid and cricoid cartilages
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing
where is the inferior constrictor, inn and action
circularly oriented attaches to thyroid and cricoid cartilages
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing
What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
what 7 cavities can the pharynx communicate with
nasal cavities (2) via chonae Tympanic cavities (2) via auditory tube oral cavity larynx esophagus
What are the internal features of the nasopharynx
pharyngeal recess, pharyngeal tonsil, tubal tonsil, torus tubarious, salpingopharyngeal fold, levator pad
What are the adenoids
enlarged, inflammed pharyngeal tonsils
can make breathing difficult
can also spread to middle ear causing otitis media
what type of tissue is the tubal tonsil made of
lymphoid
where is the tubal tonsil located
near opening of auditory tube
What is the torus tubularis
mucosal prominence formed by cartilage of auditory tube
What structure represents the opening of the auditory tube
pharyngeal ostium below the torus tubularis
What is the salpingopharyngeal fold
fold of mucosa over salpingopharyngeaus muscle
what is the o and i of salpingopharyngeus
action and inn
o: cartilage auditory tube
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: assist in swallowing
what is the levator pad and where is it
fold of mucosa overlaying levator veli palatini m located below torus tubarius
What structures are in the oropharynx
facuces, faucial pillars, palatoglossal arch, palatopharyngeal archm tonsillar bed/fossa
palatine tonsil
epiglottic valleculae
what are the fauces of oropharynx
passageway from mouth to oropharynx
what are the faucial pillars
palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
what is the palatoglossal arch formed by
fold of mucosa over the palatoglossus muscle
o and i, action and inn of palatoglossus m
o: soft palate
i: tongue
inn: vagus
action: pulls tongue and soft palate together for swallowing
what is the palatopharyngeal arch formed by
mucosa over the palatopharyngeal m
o an i, action and inn of palatopharyngeal m
o: soft palate
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: vagus
action: swallowing
Where is the tonsillar bed/fossa
depression between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
What structures form the tonsillar bed
superior constrictor, hyoglossus, middle constrictor
What type of tissue is the palatine tonsil and where is it found
lymphoid tissue, found within tonsillar bed
Where are the epiglottic valleculae and what forms them
depressions between epiglottis and posteiror tongue, formed by lateral and median glossoepiglottic folds
What are the structures in the laryngopharynx
laryngeal inlet, piriform recess
what is the laryngeal inlet of laryngopharynx
anterior communication with larynx
what is the piriform recess and what n runs deep to it
depression lateral to larynx, internal laryngeal n runs deep to mucosa
what does the laryngopharynx become
esophagus
where can lodged food from swallowing get stuck
in the epiglottic valleculae or piriform recesses
What could happen if food gets stuck in the piriform recess
can puncture and hurt the internal laryngeal n, thus altering vocal folds
What are the fascias of the pharynx
pharyngobasilar fascia which lines the mm of pharynx internally
buccopharyngeal fascia which covers mm of pharynx externally
Where is superior constrictor m, inn and action
ciruclarly oriented, attaches to base of skull
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus
swallowing
where is the middle constrictor, inn and action
circularly oriented attaches to hyoid bone, inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing
where is the inferior constrictor, inn and action
circularly oriented attaches to thyroid and cricoid cartilages
inn by vagus via pharyngeal plexus, swallowing
o and i, inn action of stylopharyngeus
o: styloid process
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: IX
action: swallowing
o and i, inn,action of salpingopharyngeus
o: cartilage auditory tube
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: X
action: swallowing
o and i, inn and action of palatopharyngeus
o: hard and soft palates
i: thyroid cartilage
inn: X
action: swallowing
What do all of the pharyngeal constrictors attach to
the pharyngeal raphe posteriorly, CT that attaches to pharyngeal tubercle on base of skull
How many gaps are formed by the overlapping pharyngeal mm
4
Where is gap 1 in pharynx and what structures around found in it
between base of skull and superior constrictor
passage of levator veli palatini and auditory tube
Where is gap 2 in pharynx and what structures around found in it
between superior and middle constrictors
passage of stylopharyngeus and glosspharyngeal n (IX)
Where is gap 3 in pharynx and what structures around found in it
between middle and inferior constrictors
passage of internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal a
Where is gap 4 in pharynx and what structures around found in it
between inferior constrictor m and esophagus
passage for inferior (recurrent) laryngeal n and a
What aa and vv provide pharynx
superior thyroid a, ascending pharyngeal a
vv: pharyngeal plexus which goes to internal jugular v
What nn fibers are in pharyngeal n plexus
SVE from vagus and IX
GVA from IX
SANS from cervical sympathetic chain
Describe inn involved in gag reflex
afferent IX
efferent X
How is the gag reflex stimulated
touching roof of tongue, oropharynx
What are the main drainage of lymph for pharynx
retropharyngeal, deep cervical
