Nasal paranasal sinuses Flashcards
what is the function of the nose
warm, humidify and filter air as it passes into respiratory tract
Where are the paranasal sinuses
inside frontal, sphenoidal, ethmoidal and maxillary bones
when do the paranasal sinuses form
post-natally
What are the borders of the maxillary sinus
superior- orbit medial- nasal cavity inferior- maxillary teeth anterior/lateral is the cheek posterior is the pterygopalatine fossa
where does the maxillary sinus drain to
semilunar hiatus with middle nasal meatus
what inn maxillary sinus
V2
what are the borders of frontal sinus
superior/posterior- cranial cavity
inferior- nasal cavity/orbit
what inn the frontal sinus
V1
where does the frontal sinus drain to
frontonasal duct to semilunar hiatus within middle meatus
what are the borders of the sphenoidal sinus
superior- cranial cavity
lateral- cavernouse sinus/cranial cavity
anterior/inferior- nasopharynx/nasal cavity
Whatt inn the sphenoidal sinus
V2
where does the sphenoid sinus drain to
sphenoethmoidal recess
What are the borders of the ehtmoidal sinuses
superior- cranial cavity
medial/inferior- nasal cavity
lateral orbit
what are the drainage pathways of the ethmoidal sinuses
semilunar hiatus of middle nasal meatus
ethmoid bulla
superior nasal meatus
what inn ethmoidal sinuses
V1
What can be used to detect fluid levels in paranasal sinuses
transillumination
how can sinusitis lead to optic neuritis
spreading of the inflammation
how come the maxillary sinus is most susceptive to infection
becuase the ostia where fluid can drain are located at the top so has to fill up to drain
What are the boundaries of the nasal cavity roofs
ethmoid bone (cribiform)
frontal bone
sphenoid bone
what are the boundaries of the lateral wall of nasal cavity
ethmoid bone- superior and middle concha inferior concha maxilla bone palatine bone- perpendicular plate lacrimal bone
what are the boundaries of the floor of the nasal cavtiy
palatine bone
maxilla bone
what are teh boundaries of the anterior wall of the nasal cavity
nasal cartilages, nasal bones
nares are the anterior openings to the nasal cavity
lead to skin lined vestibule which has vibrissae, hair cells which filter air
what is the posterior border of the nasal cavitites
open to nasopharynx via choanae
what are the borders of the medial wall of the nasal cavity
perpendicular plate of ethmoid
vomer
nasal cartilages
What is rhinitis
inflammation of nasal mucosa
Infection in the nasal cavity can spread where
anterior cranial fossa via cribiform nasopharynx middle ear via pharyngotympanic tube lacrimal apparatus and conjunctiva via nasolacrimal duct paranasal sinuses
where are the meatuses in nasal cavity
sphenoethmoidal recess
superior middle and inferior meatus
Where is the sphenoethmoigal recess and what is it an opening for
posterior and superior to the superior concha
opening for sphenoidal sinu
where is the superior meatus and what is it an opening for
under the superior concha
opening for posteiror ethmoidal sinus
where is the middle meatus and what is it an opening for
below middle concha
has bulla ehtmoidalis and semilunar hiatus
opening for frontal, maxillary, anterior and middle ethmoidal sinuses
where is the inferior meatus and what is it an opening for
below inferior concha
opening for nasolacrimal duct
The sphenoid sinus drains to what sinus
spehnoethmoidal recess
how does the frontal sinus drain
frontonasal duct to semilunar hiatus within middle nasal meatus
where does the maxillary sinus drain to
semilunar hiatus within middle nasal meatus
where do the ehtmoidal air cells drain
anterior to semilunar hiatus in middle nasal meatus
middle to ethmoid bulla
posterior to superior nasal meatus
where does the nasolacrimal duct drain to
lacrimal fluid to inferior nasal meatus
Describe blood supply to anterior and posterior ethmoidal sinuses
branches of ophthalmic
course through ethmoidal air cells to enter roof nasal cavity
lateral nasal and septal branches also
What aa supply sinuses from external carotid
spehnopalatine, greater palatine and facial
describe sphenopalatine a
terminal branch of maxillary
enter nasal cavity posteriorly via sphenopalatine foramen
gives posterior lateral nasal and septal barnches
describe greater palatine a
branch of maxillary
enters nasal cavity via incisive canal
nasal septal branches
describe facial a
fives septal branches from superior labial a
What is the Kiesselbach area
the anastomoses of greater palatine, anterior ethmoidal and sphenopalatine, facial aa on anterior nasal septum
describe vv drainage
submucosal venous plexus drains to maxillary, facial and opthalmic vv
Describe the CN I
SVA
olfaction
bipolar cells are in the superior portion of nasal cavity epithelium
fibers of CN I go thru cribiform plate and synapse in olfactory bulb of brain
The olfactory bulb is an extension ofr what part of the developing CNS
forebrain, telencephalon
What are the branches of opthalmic V1 that inn sinus areas
supraorbital, supratrochlear- frontal
posteior ethmoidal
anteiror ethmoidal
what are the branches of anterior ethmoidal n
branches to ethmoidal air cells
septal branches to anterior nasal cavity
lateral branches to anterior lateral wall of nasal cavity
external nasal branch of dorsum of nose
What sinus areas are supplied by maxillary n V2
GSA to nasal cavity, maxillary sinus and sphenoid sinus
What are the branches of Maxillary n
infraorbital posterior superior alveolar pharyngeal nasopalatine posterior superior lateral nasal n posterior inferior lateral nasal n
describe the infraorbital n
inn maxillary sinus
supplies inn to face and lateral nose
describe posterior superior alveolar n
maxillary sinus
describe pharyngeal n
thru floor/medial wall of sphenoid sinus
provides sphenoid sinus
describe nasopalatine sinus
enters nasal cavity via sphenopalatine foramen and will provide majority inn to nasal septum
continues to hard plate via incisive foramen
describe the posterior superior lateral nasal n
enter nasal cavity via sphenopalatine foramen
inn to superior lateral nasal wall
describe posterior inferior lateral nasal n
enters nasal cavity via unnamed foramen
inn to inferior lateral nasal wall
Describe the PANs of nasal cavities
preganglionic cell bodies in salivatory nucleus, fiber go with VII (greater petrosal, n of pterygoid canal) to postganaglionic cell bodies in the pterygopalatine ganglion to travel out via V2 and be distributed
describe SANs of nasal cavities
preganglionic cell bodies T1-T4
postganglionic cell bodies in superior cervical ganglion
postganaglionic fibers for internal carotid n (deep petrosal) which joins greater to for n of pterygoid canal and then distributed via V2
Describe lymph drainage of nasal cavities
anterior to face and submandibular nodes
Posterior from pharynx to retropharyngeal lymph nodes
