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Neuro III > Nasal paranasal sinuses > Flashcards

Nasal paranasal sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the nose

A

warm, humidify and filter air as it passes into respiratory tract

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2
Q

Where are the paranasal sinuses

A

inside frontal, sphenoidal, ethmoidal and maxillary bones

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3
Q

when do the paranasal sinuses form

A

post-natally

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4
Q

What are the borders of the maxillary sinus

A 
superior- orbit
medial- nasal cavity
inferior- maxillary teeth
anterior/lateral is the cheek
posterior is the pterygopalatine fossa
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5
Q

where does the maxillary sinus drain to

A

semilunar hiatus with middle nasal meatus

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6
Q

what inn maxillary sinus

A

V2

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7
Q

what are the borders of frontal sinus

A

superior/posterior- cranial cavity

inferior- nasal cavity/orbit

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8
Q

what inn the frontal sinus

A

V1

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9
Q

where does the frontal sinus drain to

A

frontonasal duct to semilunar hiatus within middle meatus

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10
Q

what are the borders of the sphenoidal sinus

A

superior- cranial cavity
lateral- cavernouse sinus/cranial cavity
anterior/inferior- nasopharynx/nasal cavity

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11
Q

Whatt inn the sphenoidal sinus

A

V2

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12
Q

where does the sphenoid sinus drain to

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

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13
Q

What are the borders of the ehtmoidal sinuses

A

superior- cranial cavity
medial/inferior- nasal cavity
lateral orbit

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14
Q

what are the drainage pathways of the ethmoidal sinuses

A

semilunar hiatus of middle nasal meatus
ethmoid bulla
superior nasal meatus

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15
Q

what inn ethmoidal sinuses

A

V1

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16
Q

What can be used to detect fluid levels in paranasal sinuses

A

transillumination

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17
Q

how can sinusitis lead to optic neuritis

A

spreading of the inflammation

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18
Q

how come the maxillary sinus is most susceptive to infection

A

becuase the ostia where fluid can drain are located at the top so has to fill up to drain

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19
Q

What are the boundaries of the nasal cavity roofs

A

ethmoid bone (cribiform)
frontal bone
sphenoid bone

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20
Q

what are the boundaries of the lateral wall of nasal cavity

A 
ethmoid bone- superior and middle concha
inferior concha
maxilla bone
palatine bone- perpendicular plate
lacrimal bone
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21
Q

what are the boundaries of the floor of the nasal cavtiy

A

palatine bone

maxilla bone

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22
Q

what are teh boundaries of the anterior wall of the nasal cavity

A

nasal cartilages, nasal bones
nares are the anterior openings to the nasal cavity
lead to skin lined vestibule which has vibrissae, hair cells which filter air

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23
Q

what is the posterior border of the nasal cavitites

A

open to nasopharynx via choanae

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24
Q

what are the borders of the medial wall of the nasal cavity

A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid
vomer
nasal cartilages

25
Q

What is rhinitis

A

inflammation of nasal mucosa

26
Q

Infection in the nasal cavity can spread where

A 
anterior cranial fossa via cribiform
nasopharynx
middle ear via pharyngotympanic tube
lacrimal apparatus and conjunctiva via nasolacrimal duct
paranasal sinuses
27
Q

where are the meatuses in nasal cavity

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

superior middle and inferior meatus

28
Q

Where is the sphenoethmoigal recess and what is it an opening for

A

posterior and superior to the superior concha

opening for sphenoidal sinu

29
Q

where is the superior meatus and what is it an opening for

A

under the superior concha

opening for posteiror ethmoidal sinus

30
Q

where is the middle meatus and what is it an opening for

A

below middle concha
has bulla ehtmoidalis and semilunar hiatus
opening for frontal, maxillary, anterior and middle ethmoidal sinuses

31
Q

where is the inferior meatus and what is it an opening for

A

below inferior concha

opening for nasolacrimal duct

32
Q

The sphenoid sinus drains to what sinus

A

spehnoethmoidal recess

33
Q

how does the frontal sinus drain

A

frontonasal duct to semilunar hiatus within middle nasal meatus

34
Q

where does the maxillary sinus drain to

A

semilunar hiatus within middle nasal meatus

35
Q

where do the ehtmoidal air cells drain

A

anterior to semilunar hiatus in middle nasal meatus
middle to ethmoid bulla
posterior to superior nasal meatus

36
Q

where does the nasolacrimal duct drain to

A

lacrimal fluid to inferior nasal meatus

37
Q

Describe blood supply to anterior and posterior ethmoidal sinuses

A

branches of ophthalmic
course through ethmoidal air cells to enter roof nasal cavity
lateral nasal and septal branches also

38
Q

What aa supply sinuses from external carotid

A

spehnopalatine, greater palatine and facial

39
Q

describe sphenopalatine a

A

terminal branch of maxillary
enter nasal cavity posteriorly via sphenopalatine foramen
gives posterior lateral nasal and septal barnches

40
Q

describe greater palatine a

A

branch of maxillary
enters nasal cavity via incisive canal
nasal septal branches

41
Q

describe facial a

A

fives septal branches from superior labial a

42
Q

What is the Kiesselbach area

A

the anastomoses of greater palatine, anterior ethmoidal and sphenopalatine, facial aa on anterior nasal septum

43
Q

describe vv drainage

A

submucosal venous plexus drains to maxillary, facial and opthalmic vv

44
Q

Describe the CN I

A

SVA
olfaction
bipolar cells are in the superior portion of nasal cavity epithelium
fibers of CN I go thru cribiform plate and synapse in olfactory bulb of brain

45
Q

The olfactory bulb is an extension ofr what part of the developing CNS

A

forebrain, telencephalon

46
Q

What are the branches of opthalmic V1 that inn sinus areas

A

supraorbital, supratrochlear- frontal
posteior ethmoidal
anteiror ethmoidal

47
Q

what are the branches of anterior ethmoidal n

A

branches to ethmoidal air cells
septal branches to anterior nasal cavity
lateral branches to anterior lateral wall of nasal cavity
external nasal branch of dorsum of nose

48
Q

What sinus areas are supplied by maxillary n V2

A

GSA to nasal cavity, maxillary sinus and sphenoid sinus

49
Q

What are the branches of Maxillary n

A 
infraorbital
posterior superior alveolar
pharyngeal
nasopalatine
posterior superior lateral nasal n
posterior inferior lateral nasal n
50
Q

describe the infraorbital n

A

inn maxillary sinus

supplies inn to face and lateral nose

51
Q

describe posterior superior alveolar n

A

maxillary sinus

52
Q

describe pharyngeal n

A

thru floor/medial wall of sphenoid sinus

provides sphenoid sinus

53
Q

describe nasopalatine sinus

A

enters nasal cavity via sphenopalatine foramen and will provide majority inn to nasal septum
continues to hard plate via incisive foramen

54
Q

describe the posterior superior lateral nasal n

A

enter nasal cavity via sphenopalatine foramen

inn to superior lateral nasal wall

55
Q

describe posterior inferior lateral nasal n

A

enters nasal cavity via unnamed foramen

inn to inferior lateral nasal wall

56
Q

Describe the PANs of nasal cavities

A

preganglionic cell bodies in salivatory nucleus, fiber go with VII (greater petrosal, n of pterygoid canal) to postganaglionic cell bodies in the pterygopalatine ganglion to travel out via V2 and be distributed

57
Q

describe SANs of nasal cavities

A

preganglionic cell bodies T1-T4
postganglionic cell bodies in superior cervical ganglion
postganaglionic fibers for internal carotid n (deep petrosal) which joins greater to for n of pterygoid canal and then distributed via V2

58
Q

Describe lymph drainage of nasal cavities

A

anterior to face and submandibular nodes

Posterior from pharynx to retropharyngeal lymph nodes

Neuro III (10 decks)

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