Pharmocology Quiz 3 Flashcards by Craig Williams

What is the medication class for glucose?

glucose elevating agent

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What is the pharmacological action of glucose?

Increases the blood glucose level

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When should you administer glucose?

Symptomatic hypoglycemia in a patient that can protect their airway

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How do you administer glucose if the patient cannot protect their airway?

You need ILS/ALS to administer IV dextrose

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What are the contraindications to giving glucose?

All are relative

Intra-cranial/intraspinal hemorrhage

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What are the medication interactions for glucose?

none

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What is the adult dose and route of administration of glucose?

buccal with 12-25 gm spread with a tongue depressor

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What is the pediatric dose and route of glucose?

buccal with 12-25 gm spread with a tongue depressor

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What needs to be done before administration of glucose?

Attempts at documenting hypoglycemia via automatic glucometry should be made before administration

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Are the half life and duration of action of glucose known?

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What is the trade name for Pralidoxime?

2 PAM chloride

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What is the medication class of pralidoxime?

Cholinesterase reactivator (anticholinesterase antidote)

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What is the pharmacological action of Pralidoxime? (What does it do)

Reactivates cholinesterase, restoring the body’s ability to metabolize acetylcholine

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What are the indications to administer Pralidoxime?

Nerve agent exposure

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What are the contraindications to giving Pralidoxime?

None when indicated

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What is the adult dose and route of administration of pralidoxime?

600mg, IM via autoinjector

Repeat every 3-5 minutes until desired effect (symptoms abate)

**must be administered vial autoinjector
nerve agent antidote kit (NAAK)
mark 1 kit ( after atropine)
Duodose (in conjunction with atropine)

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What is the pediatric dose of pralidoxime?

600mg, IM via autoinjector

Repeat every 3-5 minutes until desired effect (symptoms abate)

**must be administered vial autoinjector
nerve agent antidote kit (NAAK)
mark 1 kit ( after atropine)
Duodose (in conjunction with atropine)

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What is the only route of administration of pralidoxime?

IM via AUTOINJECTOR

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How often can you repeat dosing of pralidoxime?

every 3-5 minutes until desired effect (symptoms abate)

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What class of pesticides will pralidoxime not work for?

Pesticides of the carbamate class

What other drugs must be given at the same time as pralidoxime?

In conjunction with atropine (duodose)
after atropine (Mark I kit)

What are the trade names for ibuprofen?

Advil

Motrin

What is the medication class of ibuprofen?

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

What is the pharmacological action of ibuprofen?

Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins in body tissue

What are the indications of administration of ibuprofen?

For the acute management of pain in patients older than 6 months of age For the acute management of fever in patients older than 6 months of age

How old does a patient have to be to get ibuprofen?

at least 6 months old

What are the contraindications to giving ibuprofen?

- Perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass (CABG surgery) - Preterm infants with suspected or diagnosed, untreated infections - Active intracranial bleeding or GI bleeding - Thrombocytopenia (low platelets) - Coagulation defects (clotting defects) - Proven necrotizing enterocolitis - Significant renal impairment

What are the medication interactions of ibuprofen?

Coumadin Plavix ASA (ASpirin) Other NSAID or anticoagulants (blood thinners)

What is the adult dose and route of amininstration of ibuprofen?

10mg/kg up to 800mg PO

What is the pediatric dose and route of administration of ibuprofen?

10mg/kg not to exceed 800mg

What is a short acting, convulsion like activity in a child with a fever that lasts less than 5 minutes and is generalized, usually not requiring anti-seizure medication?

febrile seizure

Should oncology patients get ibuprofen?

NO, they should not be given ibuprofen or other NSAIDS due to risk of increased bleeding associated with these medications

What should be considered in all febrile pediatric patients?

Toxic ingestion, such as benadryl or other anticholinergics and can cause fever, should be considered in pediatric patients with fever

Should you give ibuprofen in a treat and release situation?

No it should only be administered if transport is initiated

What is the half life of ibuprofen when used for anagelsic?

1.5 -2 hours

What is the duration of action of ibuprofen when used for analgesia?

4-6 hours

What is the half life of ibuprofen when used for antipyretic (Fever)?

2-2.5 hours

What is the duration of action for ibuprofen when used for antipyretic (Fever)?

6-8 hours

What is the trade name for activated charcoal?

Charcola | Actidose-aqua

What is the medication of activated charchoal?

Antidote (GI adsorbent)

What is the pharmacological action of activated charcoal?

Adheres to many drugs and chemicals, inhibiting their absorption in the GI tract

What is the indication of administration for activated charcoal?

Used in the treatment of certain cases of poisoning and overdose in the alert patient.

What are the contraindications to giving activated charcoal?

- Decreased LOC that would render the patient unable to protect their airway (aspiration risk) - GI obstruction - Unless other substances have been ingested, do not administer to patients that have ingested the following; Cyanide, acids (mineral acids), alkali’s (caustic alkalis), Hydrocarbons (organic solvents, ethanol, methanol…), and Heavy metals (Iron salts…), or lithium. Charcoal will be ineffective or minimally effective with these substances.

What are the medications interactions with activated charcoal?

- Interferes with N-Acetylcysteine, call MCEP before administering to an Acetaminophen OD - Milk products decrease effectiveness.

What is the dose and route of administration of activated charcoal for an adult patient?

1gm/kg PO

What is the dose and route of administration of activate charcoal in a pediatric patient?

1gm/kg PO

Can you give activated charcoal to a patient who cannot maintain their airway?n

no, the patient must be capable of protecting their airway overtime

Are the half life and duration of action of activated charcoal known?

no they are unknown