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IMS -izzy > Pharmocology > Flashcards

Pharmocology Flashcards

1
Q

What factors affect absorption

A 
>Particle size
>Food
>GIT mobility
>Physiochemical factors
    >solubility
    >dissociation factor
>GIT enzymes
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2
Q

What are bases and acids

A

Bases: acid receptors
Acids: proton donors

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3
Q

As pH increases what happens to bases and acids

A

Acids become ionised

Bases unionised

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4
Q

What can volume of distribution be used to do?

A

Calculate loading dose

Estimate blood conc in an overdose

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5
Q

What factors affect distribution

A 
Regional flow
Binding
Disease
Drug receptors
Lipid solubility
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6
Q

What occurs if a drug with a higher binding affinity is added

A

competition and displacement

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7
Q

What factors affect metabolism

A 
Genetic
Age
Liver disease
Hepatic flow
1st pass
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8
Q

What is the toxic product made by oxidation of paracetamol?

A

NSPQ

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9
Q

Two types of cytochrome P450

A

Inducers

Inhibitors

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10
Q

Why do we uses creatine to measure rate of drug clearance?

A

not actively secreted

not passively absorbed

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11
Q

What is clearance

A

Vol of blood/ plasma cleared of drug per unit time

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12
Q

What measures drug affinity to receptor?

A

KD

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13
Q

What do second messengers result in?

A

Amplification

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14
Q

What ligands normally bind to receptor kinase?

A

Insoluble growth factors

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15
Q

What does propanol block?

What does it treat>

A

Competitive antagonist
Non selective
>Adrenaline & Noradrenaline
>Hyper tension & angia

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16
Q

What doe sulbutamol block?

What does it treat?

A

Adenyl cylclase> cAMP

Asthma, wheezing, short breth

17
Q

What does atenol block?

What does it treat?

A

Epinephrien

Hypertension and angia

18
Q

What blockds angiotensin converting enzyme?

A

ACE

19
Q

What does angiotensin II produce in the adrenal cortex?

A

Aldosterone

20
Q

What does COX 1 produce what do they do

A 
Cytoprotective prostaglandis
>Renal perfusion
>Gastric mucous
Thrombaxanes 
>Platelet aggregation
21
Q

3 classes of Ca channel blockers and what their effects

A

> Dihydropyridines> smooth muscle
Phenylalkylamine> Myocardium
Benzothiazepine> Cardiac & Vasodilator

22
Q

What are esters broken down into and what effect does this have (LA)

A

PABA

Allergic & hypersensitive

23
Q

What breaks down esters? (LA)

A

Plasma esterases

24
Q

What breaks down amides? (LA)

A

Amidase

25
Q

Side effects of local anaesthetics?

A 
Myocardium
>Depression
>vasodilation
CNS
>Restlessness
>Convulsions
PBV
>Bloodless field
>lessen distribution
>prolonging action
26
Q

What affects distribution of local anaesthetics?

A

Plasma protein binding

slower released> longer effect

27
Q

what is margin of safety?

A

Ratio of toxic drug conc to effective drug conc

28
Q

What is therapeutic index ?

A

Comparison of toxic and effective blood conc

IMS -izzy (11 decks)

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