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IMS -izzy > Membranes > Flashcards

Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 types of lipids

A

Glycerophospholipids
Sphingolipids
Sterols

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2
Q

Example of Glycerophospholipid

A

PIP

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3
Q

Example of Sphinglipids

A

Sphingomyelin SM

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4
Q

Example of + ve conical lipids

A

Phosphatidic acid

Phosphatidylethanolamine

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5
Q

Expample of -ve conical lipid

A

Lyso- GPLS

Phosphoinsitides

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6
Q

which way does P type flippase flip?

A

Inwards

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7
Q

Which way does ABC flip?

A

Outwards

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8
Q

List the 3 lipid states

A

Llamellar liquid crystaline
Liquid Order
Solid gel

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9
Q

Example of 2 integral proteins

A

Glycophorin A

Bactidopsin

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10
Q

What do peripheral Proteins do?

A

> Restrict lateral movement

>Maintain shape

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11
Q

Example of peripheral protein

A

> Spectrin actin

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12
Q

What build up to form plaques in alzheimers

A

> Amyloid B peptide

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13
Q

What proteins transport cholesterol and ar ehigh in AD patients>

A

> Apolipoproteins

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14
Q

Example of carrier Ionophore

A

> Valinomycin

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15
Q

Example of channel Ionophore

A

> Gramicidin A K+/Na+

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16
Q

What are ion channels important for?

A

> Osmotic gradient
Nerve impulses
Signal transducion

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17
Q

Structure of Aquaporins

A

> 6 transmembrans alpha helicies
4 pores
tetramer

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18
Q

Structure of GLUT 1

A

> 6 transmembrane alpha helicies

>central pore

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19
Q

What are the characteristic of ion driven transport

A

> Down conc grad

> Coupled >Na+/H+ down conc grad

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20
Q

Example of ligand gated ion channel

A

Nictotinic acetlycholrine receptor

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21
Q

Example of G protein

A

Renin angiotensin

22
Q

What does Nictotinic acetlychlorine do?

A

> transport of Na+/ K+ out of cell

>inc. K+/ Na+ permeability

23
Q

Where does rennin cleave angiotensinogen?

A

Blood

24
Q

Where does ACE cleave angiotensis

A

Lungs & Kidney

25
Q

Where is aldosterone produced?

A

Adrenal gland

26
Q

What do Kinases indirectly do?

A

Regulate transription

27
Q

Explain hoe nuclear hormone receptor is monomeric

A

Separate area for DNA and ligand binding

28
Q

Types of neurotransmitters

A 
>Acetylcholine ACh
>Monoamines
>Amino Acids
>Peptides
>Lipids
29
Q 
What does each stand for?
TCA
SSRIs
SNRIs
MAOIs
A

> Tricyclic Antidepressant
Selective serotonin reuptake
Serotonin/ noradrenaline reuptake
Mononamine Oxidase inhibitors

30
Q

Which drugs prevent re-uptake

A

TCA
SSRIs
SNRIs

31
Q

Which drug prevents break downs

A

MAOIs

32
Q

Which drugs interfere with -ve feedback?

A

Miscellaneous atypical antidepressants

33
Q

Where are receptors for hydrophilic receptors found?

A

Extracellular

34
Q

Where are receptors for lipid based hormones found?

A

Intracellular

35
Q

What is CO in small quantities used for?

A

Endogenous signalling

36
Q

Where can amplification occur?

A

KInases
G proteins
2nd messengers

37
Q

What does Gq stimulate?

A

Phospholipase C

38
Q

What 2nd messengers does Gq inc?

A

DAG

IP3

39
Q

What do Gs and Gi have an affect on

A

Adenylate Cyclase

40
Q

What breaks down cAMP?

A

Phosphodiesterases

41
Q

Net effects of inc cAMP

A

> Histamine
Insulin
Inflamation

42
Q

`How is cAMP formed

A

> ATP
Adenylate cyclase> removes 2 P
Replace with PPI
3’ and 5’ C

43
Q

How is cGMP formed?

A

> GTP
Guanylate cyclase> removes 2P
Replace with PPI
3’and 5’ C

44
Q

What kinases Phosphorylate Ser/ Thr?

What G protein activates them

A

PKA, PKC, PKG

Gs, Gi, Gq

45
Q

What kinases activate Tryosine

A

Receptors> TK> Insulin

Non receptors> Scr

46
Q

What kinases are dual specific

A

MAP kinase kinases MKKs

47
Q

What breaks down tryglycerides?

A

Lipoprotein lipase

48
Q

What is the inhibitor of Apo B 100?

A

PCSK9

49
Q

What is the PCSK9 inhibitor used instead of?

A

Statins

50
Q

What do we need cholesterol for?

A

Bile acid
Steroids
Cell mem
Fats an soluble lipids

IMS -izzy (11 decks)

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