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IMS -izzy > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are complements?

A

Extra proteins activated in immune response> linked to immune cells

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2
Q

Where is Vasopressin formed?

A

Posterior pituritary lobe

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3
Q

Where is Adrenaline formed?

A

Adrenal Medulla

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4
Q

What is the name of the cell all WBC derivative from?

A

Multipotential haematopoirtic stem cell

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5
Q

Whats in the buffy coat?

A

Platelets

Immune cells

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6
Q

What are the antibodies in the plasma called?

A

Agglutinins

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7
Q

What are the antigens found on the RBC mem called?

A

Agglutinogens

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8
Q

Treatment for Rhs in pregancy

A

Anti- Rh globulin

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9
Q

Name 3 blood disease caused by an increase of a substance and state their substance

A

Erthrocytosis> RBC
Leukocytosis> WBC
Thrombocytosis> Platelets

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10
Q

Name 3 Blood disease caused by a decrease in a substance and state their substance.

A

Anaemia> RBC
Leukocytosis> WBC
Thrombocytosis> Platelets

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11
Q

What is the growth factor foe RBC

A

Erythropoietin

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12
Q

What id the growth factor for platelets?

A

Thrombopoietin

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13
Q

Reasons why there is a dec in response to erthropoietin?

A

> Dec vitamin K
Dec. Folate
Dec. Iron
Chronic anaemia

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14
Q

What anaemia is caused by iron deficiency

A

Microcytic Anaemia

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15
Q

What causes microcytic anaemia

A 
>Growth spurts
>Blood loss
>Diet
>Infection
>Pregnancy
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16
Q

Anaemia Caused by lack of Vit B12 and folate?

A

> Megaloblastic/ macrocytic anaemia

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17
Q

Where is the mutation on Hb for sickle cell anaemia

A

> Glu 6—-> Val

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18
Q

Name a disease caused by a cytoskeletal defect?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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19
Q

What are the two types of Granules

A

Alpha

Dense

20
Q

2 examples of dense granules

A

ADP

Thromboxanne A2

21
Q

Give 2 examples of alpha granule

A

F4

Plasminogen activator inhibitor PAI-1

22
Q

Adaptations of platelets

A 
>+ve feedback
>Signalling (paracrine + autocrine)
>Lrg. no. receptors
> Lrg no. platelets
>No nucleus
23
Q

Receptors involved in Adhesion and what they bind to?

A

alpha1beta1> Collagen

Gp-1b-IX-V> Von Willebrand factor

24
Q

Receptors involved in Platelet Activation and what they bind too

A

GpVI > Collagen
PAR1 & 4> Thrombin
P2Y1 PSY12> Fibrinogen

25
Q

Receptors involved in Platelet aggregation and what they bind to?

A

GPIIB/IIIA (alphaIIb Beta 3)

26
Q

Draw out the intrinsic extrinsic and common pathway coming together

A

Look at mindmap

27
Q

What medication do we use in strokes and what does it do?

A

Warfrin

Regulate Vitamin K recycling

28
Q

What does DIC stand for?

A

Disseminated intravascular Coagulation

29
Q

What does ITP stand for?

A

Immune Thrombocytopenic purpura

30
Q

Causes of inherited bleeding disorders

A

Platelet Dysfunction
Coagulation factor deficiency and haemophilia
Thrombocytopenia

31
Q

What is is the normal levels of F8 & F9
>mild
>moderate
>serve

A

50-150%
6-50%
1-5%
<1%

32
Q

What are the 3 tests for clotting time? And what part of the coagulation pathway do they measure?

A

Activated Thromboplastin Time APTT> Intrinsic
Prothrombin time PT> Extrinsic
TT Thrombin Time> Common

33
Q

Symptoms of Haemophilia

A 
Muscle haemorrhage
Joint bleeding> Hemarthrosis> Stiff joint
Bruising
Soft Tissue
Life threatening bleeds
34
Q

What is Athersclerosis

A

> Macrophages + Fat deposits
Vessel wall inflammation
Atherosclerotic plaques

35
Q

Symptoms of arterial Thrombosis

A

> Arterial fibrilation
Myocardial infarction
Peripheral vascular disease

36
Q

Mural Thrombi symptoms

A

> Instable Angina
Transcient ischaemic attack
Chest Pain

37
Q

Occlusion Thrombi symptoms

A

> Myocardial infarction

>Cerebral infarction

38
Q

List the stimulatory factors

A 
>ADP
>Thrombin
>Fibrongen
>Adrenaline
>Von Willebrand Factor
39
Q

List the inhibitory Factors

A

> Adenosine
Nitric Oxide
Prostacyclin

40
Q

Example of inhibitors

A

> NO
Adenosine
Prostacyclin

41
Q

3 antiplatelets and what they target

A

> Aspirin> Thromboxanne> platelet activation
Anti a/b> Fibrinogen & vWD> Receptors
Anti P2Y> ADP receptor

42
Q

What does not have a part to play in DVT?

A

> Platelets

43
Q

What do we use to treat a rapid onset of thrombosis?

A

> Unfractioned Heparin

>Low molecular heparin

44
Q

What do we use to treat a slow onset of thrombosis?

A

> VKA (INR)

>Varafin

45
Q

What are the 3 parts to Virchows triad?

A

> Stasis
Vessel wall injury
Hypercoagulability

IMS -izzy (11 decks)

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