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IMS -izzy > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Name TORCH defects

A 
Toxoplasmosis
Herepes
Rubella
zika
Cyclomegavirus
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2
Q

Whats Sperm capacitation

A

Vagina releases chemicals to make sperm fertile ready

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3
Q

What is the cortical reaction

A

Zona pellucida switched off prevent polyspermy

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4
Q

What is the Acrosome reaction

A

Acrosome degenerates> releases enzymes

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5
Q

How many cells in a morulla

A

16-32

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6
Q

What day does hatching and implantation occur?

A

5-6

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7
Q

What do trophoblasts differentiate into?>

A

Synctiotrophoblasts

Cytotrophoblasts

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8
Q

What do embryoblasts differentiate into?

A

Hypoblasts

Epiblasts

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9
Q

What do embryoblasts differentiate into?

A

Hypoblasts

Epiblasts

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10
Q

What cavity is within the epiblasts

A

Amniotic

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11
Q

What does the extraembyronic mesoderm form

A

Chorionic cavity

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12
Q

What do Syncytiotrophoblasts empty all their nutrients into?

A

Trophoblastic lacuna

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13
Q

What does HcG do?

A

Maintain endothelium

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14
Q

What is pregnancy re absorption called

A

Rectouterine pouch

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15
Q

What is a calcified embryo called?

A

Lithopaedion

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16
Q

What is the Cranial mem formed in Gastrulation?

A

Orophartlngeal ,e,

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17
Q

What is the mem formed at the cordia end of gastrulation?

A

Cloacal mem

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18
Q

What is caused by and abnormality in the primitive streak? Name its two forms

A

Situs Inversus
Partial Situs Inversus
Complete Sitis inversus

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19
Q

Name a partial situs inversus condition

A

Detroxcardia

20
Q

Name a complete situs inversus condition

A

Kartagener

21
Q

Ectoderm derivatives

A

Retina, Cornea, Lens, Sclera
Peripheral nervous system
CNS
Epidermis of skin

22
Q

Endoderm derivatives

A 
Tonsils
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid glands
Trachea
Thymus
Liver (Glandular cells)
Lungs
Pancreas (glandular cells)
GI tract (epithelial lining )
Bladder
Urethra
R/S epithelial linning
23
Q

Mesoderm derivatives

A 
Musculoskeletal Structures
Genital Urinary system
Muscle 
Major blood vessels
Heart
Adrenal cortex
Kidneys
Uterus
Gonads
Cartilage, connective tissue
Bones
24
Q

What condition is sometimes known as mermaids tail?

A

Sirenomelia

25
Q

What condition occurs when primitive streak persists?

A

Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

26
Q

Derivatives of paraxial mesoderm

A

Skeleton
Dermis
Skeletal Muscle

27
Q

Derivatives of Intemediate mesoderm

A

Internal reproductive tract
Gonads
Kidney

28
Q

Derivatives of Lateral mesoderm

A

Body cavity linning

29
Q

What are Somites

A

Blocks that paramial mesoderm splits into

30
Q

How many pairs do we have?
How many pairs are made a day?
What do we use somites for?

A

42-43
3-4
Predicting a pregnancy

31
Q

What are the 3 somosites

A

Dermatome
Myotome
Sclerotome

32
Q

What does dermatome form?

A

Demris

33
Q

What does Myotome form?

A

Skeletal muscle

34
Q

What does Sclerotome form?

A

Bone and ccartilage

35
Q

What is it called when tissue surrounding spinal chord protrudes from back?

A

Myelomeningocele

36
Q

What is it called when neural tissue protrudes from back?

A

Meningocele

37
Q

Name a disease where anterior neurpore fails to fuse

A

Anencephaly

38
Q

Name 3 conditions when posterior neuropore fails to fuse

A

Paralysis
Spina bifida
Rachischsis

39
Q

Two Vetral wall defects

A

Ectopia Cordis

Gastroshisis

40
Q

What is the notochordial process

A

Hollow tube formed by primitive streak

41
Q

What is folic acid important in by what % does it reduce birth defects?

A

Neural tube development

Reduce 50-70%

42
Q

Waht do neural crest cells help form?

A 
Septums
Teeth
Skull Bones
Glands
Gut nervous system
43
Q

What is switched off in • Neurofibromatosis? what does it cause?

A

neurofibromin> tumour suppressor> Begin tumours

44
Q

Whats the vitteline duct

A

connection between yolk sac and mid gut

45
Q

Whats the Allantois

A

Connection to foetal bladder

IMS -izzy (11 decks)

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