Embryology Flashcards
Name TORCH defects
Toxoplasmosis Herepes Rubella zika Cyclomegavirus
Whats Sperm capacitation
Vagina releases chemicals to make sperm fertile ready
What is the cortical reaction
Zona pellucida switched off prevent polyspermy
What is the Acrosome reaction
Acrosome degenerates> releases enzymes
How many cells in a morulla
16-32
What day does hatching and implantation occur?
5-6
What do trophoblasts differentiate into?>
Synctiotrophoblasts
Cytotrophoblasts
What do embryoblasts differentiate into?
Hypoblasts
Epiblasts
What do embryoblasts differentiate into?
Hypoblasts
Epiblasts
What cavity is within the epiblasts
Amniotic
What does the extraembyronic mesoderm form
Chorionic cavity
What do Syncytiotrophoblasts empty all their nutrients into?
Trophoblastic lacuna
What does HcG do?
Maintain endothelium
What is pregnancy re absorption called
Rectouterine pouch
What is a calcified embryo called?
Lithopaedion
What is the Cranial mem formed in Gastrulation?
Orophartlngeal ,e,
What is the mem formed at the cordia end of gastrulation?
Cloacal mem
What is caused by and abnormality in the primitive streak? Name its two forms
Situs Inversus
Partial Situs Inversus
Complete Sitis inversus
Name a partial situs inversus condition
Detroxcardia
Name a complete situs inversus condition
Kartagener
Ectoderm derivatives
Retina, Cornea, Lens, Sclera
Peripheral nervous system
CNS
Epidermis of skin
Endoderm derivatives
Tonsils Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands Trachea Thymus Liver (Glandular cells) Lungs Pancreas (glandular cells) GI tract (epithelial lining ) Bladder Urethra R/S epithelial linning
Mesoderm derivatives
Musculoskeletal Structures Genital Urinary system Muscle Major blood vessels Heart Adrenal cortex Kidneys Uterus Gonads Cartilage, connective tissue Bones
What condition is sometimes known as mermaids tail?
Sirenomelia
What condition occurs when primitive streak persists?
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
Derivatives of paraxial mesoderm
Skeleton
Dermis
Skeletal Muscle
Derivatives of Intemediate mesoderm
Internal reproductive tract
Gonads
Kidney
Derivatives of Lateral mesoderm
Body cavity linning
What are Somites
Blocks that paramial mesoderm splits into
How many pairs do we have?
How many pairs are made a day?
What do we use somites for?
42-43
3-4
Predicting a pregnancy
What are the 3 somosites
Dermatome
Myotome
Sclerotome
What does dermatome form?
Demris
What does Myotome form?
Skeletal muscle
What does Sclerotome form?
Bone and ccartilage
What is it called when tissue surrounding spinal chord protrudes from back?
Myelomeningocele
What is it called when neural tissue protrudes from back?
Meningocele
Name a disease where anterior neurpore fails to fuse
Anencephaly
Name 3 conditions when posterior neuropore fails to fuse
Paralysis
Spina bifida
Rachischsis
Two Vetral wall defects
Ectopia Cordis
Gastroshisis
What is the notochordial process
Hollow tube formed by primitive streak
What is folic acid important in by what % does it reduce birth defects?
Neural tube development
Reduce 50-70%
Waht do neural crest cells help form?
Septums Teeth Skull Bones Glands Gut nervous system
What is switched off in • Neurofibromatosis? what does it cause?
neurofibromin> tumour suppressor> Begin tumours
Whats the vitteline duct
connection between yolk sac and mid gut
Whats the Allantois
Connection to foetal bladder
