Pharmacy Definitions

Question 1

What form is used to prescribe a medication?

Answer 1

DD 1289

Question 2

What form is utilized to prescribe more than one medication?

Answer 2

NAVMED 6710/6 (Polyprescription)

Question 3

What information should be on the Prescription?

Answer 3

1. Patient’s name
2. Date
3. Patients DOB
4. Full name of the drug, form of the drug, dosage, quantity
5. Directions for the patient
6. Signature of provider
7. Refill Authorization

Question 4

What are the principles of pharmacology?

Answer 4

1. Factors that affect the actions of drugs
2. Factors that affect drug reactions
3. Types of drug interactions
4. Factors influencing drug response interactions

Question 5

What is pharmacokinetic?

Answer 5

Activities of the drug after it enters the body. (movement)

Question 6

What is absorption?

Answer 6

Transfer of drug from body fluids to body tissues

Question 7

what is active absorption?

Answer 7

Molecules such as protein or enzymes actively moves the drug across the membrane. (Form of ATP)

Question 8

What is passive absorption?

Answer 8

Diffuse across the membrane, from higher to lower area of cocentration. (Water Soluble Drugs)

Question 9

What isw pinocytosis?

Answer 9

Cells engulf the drug particle across the membrane. (Think Pacman)

Question 10

What is bioavailability?

Answer 10

Percentage of the administered drug dose that reaches the systemic circulation

Question 11

What are some factors that affect bioavailability?

Answer 11

1. Form of the medication
2. Route of administration
3. Changes in liver metabolism
4. Gi mucosa and motility
5. Food and Drugs
6. Solubility

Question 12

What is solubility?

Answer 12

Drugs that are fat soluble are absorbed faster than water-soluble drugs

Question 13

What is a therapeutic effect?

Answer 13

Drug levels in blood to produce the desired effect

Question 14

what is metabolism?

Answer 14

Chemical reaction where the liver converts drugs to inactive compounds

Question 15

Where does metabolism take place in the body?

Answer 15

Liver, Kidneys, Lungs, Plasma, Indestinal Mucosa

Question 16

What is execretion?

Answer 16

Elimination of drugs from the body

Question 17

What is half-life?

Answer 17

Time required for the body to eliminate 50% of the drug

Question 18

What is pharmacodynamic?

Answer 18

Drug’s actions and effects within the body

Question 19

What is a physical dependence?

Answer 19

Compulsive need to use a substance repeatedly to avoid mild to severe withdrawal symptoms

Question 20

What is psychological dependence?

Answer 20

Compulsion to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience

Question 21

What is pharmacogenetic disorder?

Answer 21

Genetically determined abnormal response to normal dose of a drug

Question 22

What is a receptor?

Answer 22

Specialized macromolecule that binds to the drug molecule, altering the function of the cell and producing the therapeutic response

Question 23

What is alterations in Cellular environment?

Answer 23

Drug that alters cellular function can increase or decrease the physiologic functions of the cell. (Ex: Increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure)

Question 24

What is a therapeutic response?

Answer 24

Alteration of the cell to achieve the desired response

Question 25

What is an agonist?

Answer 25

Drug that binds wiht a receptor to produce the therapeutic response. (Binds to dopamine receptors)

Question 26

What is an antagonist?

Answer 26

Drug binds to receptor stronger than the agonist thus producing no pharmacologic effect. (Ex: Narcan is an antagonist to Morphine) (reverses the action)

Question 27

What is an adverse reaction?

Answer 27

Undesirable drug effect

Question 28

What is an allergic reaction?

Answer 28

Drug reaction that occurs because the individual's immune system views the drug as a foreign substance

Question 29

What is drug idiosyncrasy?

Answer 29

Any unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug that a patient has, that doesn't occur in the vast majority of patients taking the same drug

Question 30

What is Cumulative drug effect?

Answer 30

Drug effect that occurs when the body has not fully metabolized a dose of the drug before the next dose is given

Question 31

What is toxic?

Answer 31

Harmful drug effect if it is delivered in high dose or when blood concentration levels exceed therapeutic levels

Question 32

What is a pharmacogenetic reaction?

Answer 32

Inherited traits that cause abnormal metabolism of the drug

Question 33

What is pharmeceutic phase?

Answer 33

Dissolution of a drug. Usually applying to the breakdown of tablets

Question 34

What is addictive drug reaction?

Answer 34

Reaction that occurs when the combined effect of 2 drugs is equal to the sum of each drug given alone. (Think addition)

Question 35

What is syngerism?

Answer 35

Drug interaction that occurs when drugs produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions. (Think multiplication)

Question 36

What is an antagonist drug reaction?

Answer 36

When one drug interferes with the action of another, causing neutralization or a decrease in the effect of one drug

Question 37

What is drug-food interaction?

Answer 37

Drugs given orally, food may impair or enhance it's absorption

Question 38

What are some factors that influence drug response?

Answer 38

1. Age 2. Weight 3. Gender 4. Disease 5. Route of aministration 6.

Question 39

What is teratogen?

Answer 39

Substance that may produce physical or functional defects in a human embryo or fetus

Question 40

What are the drug ratings in pregnancy?

Answer 40

``` A = No Risk B = no evidence of risk C = Risk cannot be ruled out D = Positive evidence of risk X = Contraindicated in Pregnancy ```