Pharmacology of the Male Reproductive System Flashcards
What are adverse effects of gonadorelin?(3-7 points) Is this drug more tolerated in adults or children?
headache, flushing, nausea and hypersensitivity reactions like bronchospasm and anaphylaxis; it is more tolerated in children with temporary exacerbation of precocious puberty
What GnRH antagonist is not indicated in women because it cause birth defects?
Abarelix
Androgen replacement therapy is not used in what type of patients until puberty?
hypopituitarism patients
What is a clinical use for DHEA?
weight loss
What are adverse side effects of exogenous androgens?(3-6 points)
azoospermia, virilization of males and females in children and women; stimulation of prostatic hyperplasia; salt and water retention due to mineralcorticoid like activity; cholestatis jaundice; masculinization of female fetus; acne; sleep apnea; gynecomastia due to aromitization of testosterone in peripheral tissues
What is the generic name for the drug synarel?
Nafareiln
What androgens are orally active when given by mouth?(2 poins)
methyltestosterone and fluoxymeseterone
What general type of drug is nilutamide?
antagonist & inhibitor of androgens
How do you administered anabolic steroids?(3 points)
orally, paranterally or patch
How do you administered leuprolide?(3 points) It is used to treat what disease?(1-2 points)
you can administered leuprolide IV, SC and IM. It is used to treat prostate carcinoma and central precocious puberty in boys before the age of 9YO
What general type of drug is bicalutamide?
antagonist & inhibitor of androgens
Sprinolactone is an aldosterone antagonist that could be used to treat what endocrine disorder?
hirsutism in women
What are side effects of menotropin(hMG)?(2-4 points)
thromboembolism, atelectasis, ARDS, gynecomastia in man
How do you administered GnRH agonist?
intravaneously, subcutaneously and intramuscularly
What drug is a human menopausal gonatropin? It has both FSH-LH like properties?
Menotropin
What are adverse reactions caused by GnRH antagonist?(3-6 points)
allergic reactions, nausea and vomiting, vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, dark urine, yellowing of skin, liver
What is the generic name for Factrel?
Gonadorelin
How do you administered Nafarelin? What disease is it used to treat?
nasal spray; precocious puberty
What type of drug is Degarelix?
GnRH antagonist
What type of drug is Ganirelix?
GnRH antagonist
What type of drug is Cetrorelix?
GnRH antagonist
How do you administered Goserelin and HIstrelin? What disease do they treat? What is the mechanism of action of these drugs?
Implants; prostate cancer; they all surpress the secretion of LH and FSH resulting in a decrease testosterone and estrogen levels
What are examples of drugs that increase gonadotropin secretion?(2-3 points)
Ketoconazole, chemotherapy and opiate antagonists
What is the generic name for the drug Lupron?
Leuprolide
What type of injection into the lesions of patients with AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma cause regression in a dose related manner
hCG injection
What are side effects of hCG?(3-6 points)
headache, depression, edema, precocious puberty, gynecomastia, production of antibodies to hCG(rarely)
What general type of drug is Nilutamide?
antagonists & inihibitor of androgens
Is testosterone orally active when given by mouth?
no
What general type of drug is flutamide?
a non-selective inhibitor of androgens
What type of drug is Aberelix?
GnRH anatonigst
Where does degradation of GnRH agonist take place?
hypothalamus and pituitary
Low DHEA levels has been associated with development of what type of cancers?(2 points)
gastric and bladder cancers
Exogenous androgens are contraindicated in what group?(2-4 points)
patients with carcinoma of the prostate; patients with carcinoma of the breast; developing children and infants; patient with renal or cardiac disease; methytestosterone therapy is associated with creatinuria
What general type of drug is finasteride?
antagonist & inhibitor of androgens
What type of analog is Gonadorelin? This drug is used diagnostically for what type of treatment?(3 points) What are the therapeutic uses?(2 points)
GnRH analog; prepubertal hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; the drug could be given in a pulsatile fashion to treat infertility caused by hypothalamic hypogonadotropin hypogonadism; this could could be given to treat infertility caused by hypothalamic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism or use in a continuous fashion to treat prostate cancer and precocious puberty
What drugs are known to decrease gonadotropin secretion?(3-8 points)
verapamil, estsrogens, androgens, opiates, dopamine, bromocriptine, glucocorticoids, digitoxin
