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Block 6 PHARMACOLOGY > Pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system > Flashcards

Pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

what is the ANS

A

integrated and involuntary. includes motor nerves

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2
Q

what are the two main NT

A

NA and AcH

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3
Q

NT of Somatic NS

A

AcH

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4
Q

NT of ANS Sympathetic

A

AcH to the ganglion then NA

AcH to the medulla then A and NA

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5
Q

NT of ANS Parasympathetic

A

AcH to the ganglion

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6
Q

Somatic NS effoctor organ

A

skeletal muscle

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7
Q

Autonomic NS effoctor organ

A

smooth muscle
glands
cardiac muscle

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8
Q

side effects of muscarin
Aminata muscaria
Inocybe

A 
Miosis
Salivation
Lacrimation
Perspiration
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Bradycardia
Confusion
Coma
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9
Q

The actions of the parasympathetic system include:

A

a decrease of the rate and force of the heart beat
increased activity of the digestive system
emptying of the urinary bladder
erection of the genital (erectile) tissue
secretion of the salivary and lacrimal glands

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10
Q

where are the The cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons are located

A

located in the brain stem and in S2-4.

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11
Q

what mimics the PSNS

A

agonists

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12
Q

what inhibits the PSNS

A

antagonists

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13
Q

what is the side effect of cholinergic neurone- nicotinic

A 
ACUTE
Miosis
Salivation
Lacrimation
Perspiration
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Tachypnea
Agitation
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14
Q

Nicotinic receptors

A

Ligand gated ion channels
Depolarisations
Nerve to nerve -ganglia
Nerve to muscle

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15
Q

Muscarinic receptors

A 
G protein receptor 7TM
ATP
Indirect
Depolarise, secretion contraction
Not on motor end plate
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16
Q

Presynaptic Uptake blocker

A

Hemicholinium

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17
Q

Presynaptic Pre-Uptake release blocker

A

botulinium

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18
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

10-12 g

NOT SPECIFIC

19
Q

Synaptic Calabar beans

A

ANS STIMULATION
CNS STIMULATION
Muscle fasiculation
Death

Nerve gases
Insecticides

20
Q

Synaptic.Cholinesterase inhibitors

A 
Tissue
Plasma (pseudo
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
MG & Anaesthesia
competitive
21
Q

Synaptic.Cholinesterase inhibitorsIRREVERSIBLE

A

PRALIDOXIME-REACTIVATES

22
Q

POST SYNAPTIC-NICOTINIC

A 
CURARE
TUBOCURARINE
FLACCID PARALYSIS
MUSCLE RELAXATION
RESPIRATION
COMPETITIVE ANTAGONIST
23
Q

Atracurium

A

intermediate

24
Q

Pancuronium

A

long

25
Q

Mivacurium

A

labile in plasma

26
Q

POST SYNAPTIC-NICOTINIC

A

TONIC PARALYSIS in birds- man?
RESPIRATION
DEPOLARISING agonist—block

27
Q

Suxamethonium

A

Rapid on off
Cholinesterase
pharmacogenomics

28
Q

POST SYNAPTIC-MUSCARINIC

A

Deadly nightshade
Belladonna
Atropine

29
Q

Circular-

A

Psymp

30
Q

Radial-

A

Symp

31
Q

Muscarinic receptor drugsAntagonists

A

Atropine, Scopolamine (Hyoscine)
- secretions, bradycardia (A only), gut hypermotility
-H motion sickness, depressant rather than stimulant
Tropicamide -opthalmology

32
Q

Muscarinic receptor drug Agonist-

A

Pilocarpine -glaucoma

33
Q

The (nor)Adrenergic neurone

A 
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Pallor
Mydriasis
Bronchodilation
34
Q

The functions of the sympathetic system include:

A

acceleration of the heart and increase in the force of heart beat
rise of arterial blood pressure, direction of blood flow from the
viscera to the limbs
dilatation of the bronchi (NOT)
Elevation of blood sugar - adrenaline

35
Q

what is the SymNS mimicked by

A

agonists

36
Q

what is the SymNS inhibited by

A

antagonists

37
Q

PRESYNAPTIC Inhibition of Synthesis methyltyrosine

A 
Uptake 1 blockers
Cocaine
Uptake 1 blockers 
Tricyclic antidepressants-desipramine
Potentiate endogenous NAd
38
Q

PRESYNAPTICIndirectly acting sympathomimetics

A

Tyramine

Amphetamines

39
Q

Synaptic MAO inhibitors

A 
All mono amines
Type A and B
phenelzine
Anti depressants see -CNS lectures
ANS interaction through food and wine
40
Q

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptors

A

Agonists
Noradrenaline> adrenaline> isoprenaline> salbutamol
Shock
Asthma

41
Q

Alpha and beta selectivity

A

Alpha-usually ANS

Beta usually humeral

42
Q

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptors

A

Alpha antagonists
Phenoxybenzamine non selective
Prazosin alpha-1selective
LIMITED USE IN HYPERTENSION

43
Q

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptorsAntagonists

A 
Propranolol
Beta 1 and 2
Asthmatics
bronchospasm Beta-1 
Atenolol beta-1 cardio-selective
44
Q

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptorsAgonists

A 
Beta-1
Dobutamine
Dopamine
Beta-2
Salbutamol
Terbutaline
Salmeterol

Block 6 PHARMACOLOGY (20 decks)

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