Pharmacology of Antibacterials General Exam 2

Question 1

Narrow spectrum

Answer 1

Targets Gram + or Gram –

Question 2

Extended spectrum

Answer 2

Targets Gram + w/ some Gram – or Gram - w/ some Gram +

Question 3

Broad spectrum

Answer 3

Targets Gram + and Gram –

Question 4

difference between time and concentration dependent killing

Answer 4

• time: concentration must be over MIC in order to work during that TIME
• concentration: higher the peak, the better the activity

Question 5

Common Adverse Effects of Antibiotics

Answer 5

• Allergic Reactions
• Toxicity to the Kidney, Liver, Muscle
• Superinfections
• Candida overgrowth (“thrush”)
• Antibiotic-associated (“pseudomembranous”) colitis

Question 6

Which antibacterial class has the largest group?

Answer 6

• Cephalosporins

- Divided into “generations” based on antibacterial spectra

Question 7

Which class of antibiotics have Enterohepatic Circulation?

Answer 7

Fluoro/quinolones

Question 8

Which agents can be used for UTIs?

Answer 8

• Methenamine
• Nitrofurantoin
• Fosfomycin

Question 9

Which agents can be used for Clostrodium difficile colitis?

Answer 9

• Vancomycin

- Fidaxomicin