Antibiotics MOA and Selective Toxicity Exam 2 Flashcards
β-lactams MOA
- Inhibiting Cell Wall Synthesis
- Binding to CWT (irreversible)
Glycopeptides MOA
- Inhibiting Cell Wall Synthesis
- Targets peptide on peptidoglycans forming the wall (targeting the A-A)
- Lipoglycopeptide: Improved antimicrobial activity, dual mode of action involving both inhibition of cell wall synthesis and disruption of the bacterial cell membrane
Lipopeptides MOA
- Targeting the Cell Membrane
- Targets membrane phospholipids present in Gram+
- Binds to phospholipids that are specific for Gram +, create holes in the membrane
Polypeptide MOA
- Targeting the Cell Membrane
- Targets membrane lipopolysaccharides and LPS present in Gram-
- Act as “detergent” solubilizing the membrane, form pores in membranes
Oxazolidionones MOA
- Targeting Protein Synthesis
- Cross membrane to enter bacteria and bind to ribosome (cannot target gram-)
- binds subunit 50S on bacterial ribosome, inhibits binding of tRNA, inhibits protein synthesis
- no cross resistance with other classes
Streptrogramins MOA
- Targeting Protein Synthesis
- binds MLS(b) on bacterial ribosome 50S subunit
Lincosamides MOA
- Targeting Protein Synthesis
- binds MLS(b) on bacterial ribosome 50S subunit
Macrolides MOA
- Targeting Protein Synthesis
- binds MLS(b) on bacterial ribosome 50S subunit
Tetracyclines MOA
- Targeting Protein Synthesis
- Reversible binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit
Aminoglycosides MOA
- Targeting Protein Synthesis
- Irreversible Binding to 30S and to 50S to a lesser extent
Sulfonamides MOA
- Targeting Nucleic Acid Synthesis
- Targets synthesis of folic acid
Ansamycins MOA
- Targeting Nucleic Acid Synthesis
- Targets RNA polymerase
Quinolones / fluoroquinolones MOA
- Targeting Nucleic Acid Synthesis
- Irreversible binding to bacterial DNA gyrase, topoisimerase II or topoisomerase IV, which uncoil DNA
Nitromidazole MOA
- Targeting Nucleic Acid Synthesis
- Target DNA and causes DNA fragmentation
β-lactams Selective Toxicity
Bactericidal
