Pharmacology Final Flashcards
Alpha 1 Agonist
Generic Name:
- metaraminol
Possible Diagnosis:
- low blood pressure , cardiopulmonary arrest
Toxic Effect:
- hypertension
Alpha 2 Agonist
Generic Name:
-Clonidine
Possible Diagnosis:
-hypertension
Toxic Effect:
-dizziness , drowsiness
Beta Blockers (adrenergic Blockers)
Generic Name:
-metoprolol and carvedilol
Possible Diagnosis:
- hypertension , arrhythmias
Toxic Effect:
- bradycardia , hypotension
Diuretics
Generic Name:
- Furosemide
Possible Diagnosis:
-hypertension / congestive heart failure
Toxic Effect:
-orthostatic hypotension , hypokalemia
Vasodilators
Generic Name:
-Hydralazine (apresoline)
Possible Diagnosis:
-hypertension / congestive heart failure
Toxic Effect:
-bradycardia and hypotension
ACE Inhibitors
Generic Name:
-Enalapril , Lisinopril
Possible Diagnosis:
-hypertension / congestive heart failure
Toxic Effect:
-labored breathing, dry cough, angioedema
Calcium Channel Blockers
Generic Name:
-Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Possible Diagnosis:
-Angina Pectoris
Toxic Effect:
-Reflex Tachycardia , decreased myocardial perfusion
Organic Nitrates
Generic Name:
-Nitroglycerine
Possible Diagnosis:
-Angina Pectoris
Toxic Effect:
-Dizziness , orthostatic hypotension
Digitalis
Generic Name:
-Digoxin
Possible Diagnosis:
-Congestive Heart Failure
Toxic Effect:
-tachycardia , visual abnormalities , confusion / delirium , dizziness
Platelet Inhibitors
Generic Name:
-Aspirin , Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Possible Diagnosis:
-blood clot prevention (especially after surgery) pain , inflammation, fever
Toxic Effect:
-Liver Damage
Anticoagulants
Generic Name:
-Heparin , Warfarin (coumadin)
Possible Diagnosis:
-blood clots
Toxic Effect:
-hemorrhages
Fibrinolytics
Generic Name:
- Alteplase
Possible Diagnosis:
-blood clots (clot dissolution)
Toxic Effect:
-hemorrhage
Benzodiazepines
Generic Name:
-Clonazepam , Diazepam (valium + Xanax)
Possible Diagnosis:
-epilepsy / anxiety/ muscle spasms
Toxic Effect:
-sedation / ataxia
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Generic Name:
-Escitalopram (lexapro , zoloft)
Possible Diagnosis:
- depression and anxiety
Toxic Effect:
-dizziness , confusion
Serotonin - norepinephrine
(reuptake inhibitors)
Generic Name:
- cymbalta
Possible Diagnosis:
-depression , chronic pain
Toxic Effect:
-risk for agitation , increased mania , orthostatic hypotension
Lithium
Generic Name:
-lithium
Possible Diagnosis:
-bipolar disorder
Toxic Effect:
-ataxia , confusion, bradycardia, arrhythmia, renal problems
Levodopa
Generic Name:
-levodopa
Possible Diagnosis:
-Parkinsons
Toxic Effect:
-orthostatic hypotension , dyskinesia, impulsivness
Carbidopa
Generic Name: N/A
Possible Diagnosis:
-Parkinsons
Toxic Effect:
-orthostatic hypotension
Local Anesthetics
Generic Name:
-Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Possible Diagnosis:
-decreased sensation of pain
Toxic Effect:
-impaired respiratory function, bradycardia
Anti-Spasticity
Generic Name:
-Baclofen
Possible Diagnosis:
-Spinal Cord Injuries / Stroke
Toxic Effect:
-Flaccidity
Opioid Analgesics (strong agonists)
Generic Name:
- fentanyl / morphine
Possible Diagnosis:
-pain
Toxic Effect:
-respiratory depression
Opioid Analgesics (mid-to-moderate agonists)
Generic Name:
-Codeine , oxycodone (oxycontin) , hydrocodone
Possible Diagnosis:
-pain , cough
Toxic Effect:
-respiratory depression
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s)
Generic Name:
-ibuprofen (Advil / motrin)
-diclofenac (voltaren)
-celecoxib ( celebrex)
-meloxicam (mobic)
Possible Diagnosis:
- pain , inflammation , fever
Toxic Effect:
-gastric irritation , heart problems
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Generic Name:
-glucocorticoids , cortisone
Possible Diagnosis:
-inflammation , asthma
Toxic Effect:
-increase in blood glucose , catabolic effects on muscle, tendon , bones
Acetaminophen
Generic Name:
-Tylenol
Possible Diagnosis:
-pain and fever
Toxic Effect:
-liver damage
H2 Receptor Blockers
Generic Name:
-Ranitidine (Zantac)
Possible Diagnosis:
-GERD
Toxic Effect:
-headache , dizziness
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Generic Name:
-Pantoprazole
Possible Diagnosis:
-GERD
Toxic Effect:
-Decreased Bone Mineralization
Insulin
Generic Name:
-Insulin
Possible Diagnosis:
-DM II, DM I
Toxic Effect:
-Hypoglycemia
Sulfonylureas
Generic Name:
-Glipizide
Possible Diagnosis:
-DM II
Toxic Effect:
Hypoglycemia
Biguanides
Generic Name:
-Metformin
Possible Diagnosis:
-DM II
Toxic Effect:
-hypoglycemia , lactic acidosis
Anti-Bacterial
Generic Name:
-Penicillin , Amoxicillin
Possible Diagnosis:
-Infection
Toxic Effect:
-allergic reaction , confusion/ hallucinations
Antibacterial (2)
Generic Name:
-Bacitracin
Possible Diagnosis:
-infection
Toxic Effect:
-skin rash and itching
Antibacterial (3)
Generic Name:
-Fluoroquinolone (cipro)
Possible Diagnosis:
-infection
Toxic Effect:
-tendon pain / inflammation
