Lower Extremity GA2 (Gluteal Region) Flashcards
Gluteus Maximus m.
(superficial)
A: ilium posterior to posterior glute line
dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
sarcotuberous ligament TO iliotibial tract , lateral conndyle of tibia and also gluteal tuberosity
Mvmnt: Extension thigh, lateral rotation
Innervation: Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2)
Gluteus Medius m.
(Superficial)
A: External surface of the ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines TO lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Mvmnt: abduct and medially rotate thigh
Innnervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
Gluteus Minimus m.
(Superficial)
A: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines TO Anterior Surface of Greater trochanter of femur
Mvmnt: Abduct and medially rotate thigh
Innnervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
Tensor Fasicae Latae m.
(Superficial)
A: Anterior superior Iliac spine / anterior part of iliac crest TO iliotibial tract , attaching to lateral condyle of tibia
Mvmnt: Abduct and medially rotates thigh
Innnervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
Piriformis m.
(Deep)
A: Anterior surface of sacrum / sarcotuberous ligament TO superior boarder of greater trochanter of femur
Mvmnt: Laterally rotate extended thigh + Abduction flexed thigh
Innnervation: Nerve to Piriformis (S1-S2)
Obturator Internus m.
(Deep) / (Middle of gemelli sammy)
A: Pelvic surface of obturator membrane TO medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Mvmnt: Laterally rotates extended thigh and abduction of flexed thigh
Innnervation: Nerve to Obturator Internus (L5-S2)
Superior Gemellus m. (Deep)
A: Ischial Spine TO medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Mvmnt: Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
Innervation: Nerve to Obturator Inernus (L5-S2)
Inferior Gemellus m.
(Deep)
A: Ischial tuberosity TO medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
Mvmnt: Laterally rotates extended thigh and abduction of flexed thigh
Innervation: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L4-S1)
Quadratus Femoris m.
(Deep)
A: Lateral boarder of ischial tuberosity TO quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it.
Mvmnt: Laterally rotates thigh and steadies femoral head in acetabulum
Innervation: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L4-S1)
Anterior Sacral-Iliac L.
(function)
SI joint permits very little sliding, tiliting, and rotation
suspension of ilium
Interosseous Sacral-Iliac L.
(function)
Innterosseous and ant/post SI ligaments attatch sarcum to ilium
(sacrum is suspended from the ilium like a suspension bridge)
Posterior Sarcal-Iliac L.
(function)
Attach sacrum to ilium
suspension of ilium
Sacrospinous L.
(function)
prevent excessive rotation of the sacrum on ilium
Sacrotuberous L.
(function)
Prevent excessive rotation of the sacrum on ilium
What bones make up the pelvis?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
3 articular surfaces:
acetabulum
auricular surface
symphyseal surface
What bones make up the pelvic girdle?
L+R Hip Bones (os coxa) (ilium, ishium, pubis)
and
Sacrum with coccyx
Functions of Pelvic Girdle?
-Bearing the weight of the upper body
-Distribute forces from lower body
-Attachment site for muscles of lower extremity needed for locomotion/ also abdominal wall musculature
-Protection of the pelvic viscera
-Attachment for pelvic floor musculature
Articulations associated with pelvic girdle?
-Lumbosacral: jt of axial skeleton
-Sacroiliac: link between axial and appendicular skeleton, synovial joint anteriorly / auricular surface of ilium/ auricular surface of sacrum / minimal movemnt
-Sacro-coccygeal
-Pubic Symphysis: cartilagenous jt, medial surface of pubic bones, separateds by inter-pubic disc
Iliolumbar Ligament
(Function)
transverse process of L5 to ilia , occasional band of L4 vertebra
stabilization / rotation of pelvis per sommy
Lumbosacral Trunk
L4 and L5 anterior rami make up lumbosacral trunk
Sacral Plexus
Lumbosacral trunk unites with anterior rami of S1-S4
What terminal nerves arise from sacral plexus?
Sciatic N.
Superior Gluteal N.
Inferior Gluteal N.
Nerve to Piriformis N.
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
Nerve to Obturator Internus
Pudendal
Nerve to Levator Ani and coccygeus
Superior Gluteal Nerve
L4-S1
Sensory branch to S/I joint
Sensory branch to hip joint
Muscular branches to gluteus medius, minimus, TFL
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
L5-S2
muscular branches only
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
L4-S1
Sensation to the hip joint
Has a muscular branch and a sensory branch
Nerve to Obturator Internus
L5-S2
Motor: obturator internus muscle and superior gemellus muscle
Nerve to Piriformis
S1-S2
motor to piriformis
Superior Clunial nerve
Posterior Rami of L1-L3
supplies skin over the superior and central buttock
Middle Clunial Nerve
Posterior Rami of S1-S3
Supplies the skin of the medial buttock and gluteal cleft
Inferior Clunial Nerve
Anterior rami of S2-S3
branch of posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Supplies skin of the inferior gluteal region
