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Nursing Fundamentals > Pharmacology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Pharmacology Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

the study of drugs

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2
Q

Drug

A

any chemical that effects the physiological process of a living organism

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3
Q

Prescription Medications

A

legend drugs (approved by FDA)
need prescription

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4
Q

Over the counter (OTC) medications

A

Account for 60% of all drugs used
do not need prescription

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5
Q

Dietary Supplements

A

Herbals
Vitamins
Minerals

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6
Q

Illegal Drugs

A

Marijuana
Cocaine
Heroin

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7
Q

FDA

A

Food and Drug Administration

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8
Q

High therapeutic index

A

pretty safe

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9
Q

Black Box Warnings

A

serious risk of taking drug

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10
Q

DEA

A

Drug Enforcement Agency

*enforce controlled sustances laws and regulation of the U.S.

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11
Q

Schedule I

A

Highest potential for abuse

*No accepted medical use in the US

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12
Q

Schedule II

A

High potential for abuse

*legal in US (accepted medical use)

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13
Q

Schedule III

A

Lower potential for abuse than I & II

(Combination drugs)

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14
Q

Schedule IV

A

Low potential for abuse

(Anti-Anxiety)

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15
Q

Schedule V

A

Lowest potential for abuse

(Cough/pain)

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16
Q

Drug Diversion

A

transfer of any legally prescribed controlled substance from the individual for whom it was prescribed to another person for illicit use.

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17
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

the branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body.

-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-elimination

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18
Q

Factors that impact absorption

A
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19
Q

Common routes of Med Administration & Considerations

A
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20
Q

First Pass Effect

A

the metabolism of a drug and its passage from the liver into the circulation

(oral drugs)

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21
Q

Bioavailability

A

the extent of drug absorption into systemic circulation

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22
Q

Lifespan Considerations

A

-age
-weight

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23
Q

Factors that Impact Distribution

A
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24
Q

Protein binding

A
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25
Blood brain barrier
26
Half life
27
Factors that Impact Metabolism
28
Factors that Impact Excretion
29
Routes of Excretion
30
Pharmacodynamics
the branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their action.
31
Drug/Receptor Interaction
32
Agonist
33
Antagonist
34
Prescription Medications
35
OTC Medications
36
Herbals/Supplements
37
Onset
38
Peak
39
Duration
40
Duration & Dosing "Steady State"
41
Therapeutic Window
42
Minimum Effective Conentration
43
Toxic Concentration
44
Peak/ trough
45
Therapeutic Index
46
Side effect
47
Adverse effect
48
Acetaylor
49
Additive Effect
50
Affinity
51
Idiosyncratic
52
Loading Dose/ Bolus
53
Mechanism of Action
54
Potency
55
Selectivity
56
Subtherapeutic
57
Synergistic Effect
58
Ototoxicity
59
Photosensitivity
60
Steven Johnson Syndrome
61
MRSA
62
Synergistic Drug Interactions
63
Antagonistic Interactions
64
Bactericidal
65
Bacteriostatic
66
c. diff.
67
Superinfection
68
Narrow-spectrum Antimicrobials
69
Broad-spectrum Antimicrobials
70
Resistance
71
Sensitivity analysis
72
Prophylactic therapy
73
Empiric Therapy
74
Culture
maintain (tissue cells, bacteria, etc.) in conditions suitable for growth.
75
Polypharmacy
concurrent use of multiple medications (typically 5 or more)
76
What are the 7 classes of drugs?
1) Sulfonamides 2) Penicillin's 3) Cephalosporins 4) Macrolides 5) Tetracyclines 6) Aminoglycosides 7) Quinolones
77
Penicillin's
-Penicillin V -Penicillin G -Amoxicillin -Piperacillin/tazobactam
78
Cephalosporins
(twin to penicillins) 1st gen: -Cephalexin -cefazolin 2nd gen: -cefprozil 3rd: -ceftriaxone 4th: -cefepime 5th: -Ceftolozane
78
(Fluro)Quinolones
Levofloxacin
78
Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
79
Macrolides
-Erythromycin -Azithromycin
80
Aminoglycosides
-Streptomycin -Genamicin
81
Tetracyclines
Tetracycline
82
Antifungals
-Clotrimazole -Fluconazole -Terbinafine -*Nystatin* -*Amphotericin B*
83
Antitubercular
-*Isoniazid* -*Rifampin*
84
Glycopeptides
-*Vancomycin
85
Medication Reconciliation
continuous assessment and updating of patient medication information
86
Bioequivalence
when 2 medications have the same bioavailability
87

Nursing Fundamentals (12 decks)

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