Exam 1 Flashcards
The fours major areas of nursing practice
Promoting Health and wellness
Preventing Illness
Restoring Health
Caring for the Dying
Components of evidence-based practice
Clinical Expertise
Best Evidence
Patient Values and Preferences
Nurse Practice Act
Protects the public by legally defining the scope of nursing practice
Each state has a nurse practice act
Control practice through licensing requirements
Professional Standards of Nursing Practice
ANA standards of practice (17 standards)
Patient Bill of Rights (Hospitals & Nursing Homes)
Facility and certification/accreditation
Institutional policies/procedures
Informed consent
An agreement by a client to accept a course of treatment or procedure after being provided complete information.
-Expressed- (Oral/written)
-Implied- (Non-verbal behavior/medical emergency when an individual cannot provide expressed consent)
Exceptions:
-Minors
-Unconscious
-Mentally ill deemed incompetent
The nurse’s role in obtaining informed consent
-Responsible for witnessing the client’s signature
-Not responsible for explaining procedure
Signature confirms:
-The client gave consent voluntarily
-The signature is authentic
-The client appears competent to give consent
5 Rights of Delegation
Right task
Right circumstance (stable vs unstable)
Right Person (Knowledge, skills, ablities)
Right direction & communication
Right supervision & evaluation
Delegation
the process for a nurse to direct another person to perform nursing tasks and activities
MANDATED REPORTERS
Required by law to report suspected abuse, neglect, or exploitation.
Negligence
misconduct or practice that is below the standard expected of an ordinary, reasonable, and prudent person
Malpractice
professional negligence (negligence that occurred while the person was performing as a professional)
Assault
stated intent to touch a person in an offensive, insulting, or physically intimidating manner; to threaten someone
Battery
the touching of another person without the person’s consent
False Imprisonment
Occurs when clients are made to believe they cannot leave a place.
HIPPA
the client’s permission is needed before disclosing any information regarding the client, going through the clients’ personal belongings, performing procedures, and photographing the client.
Code of Ethics
a formal statement of a group’s ideas and values.
Autonomy
right to make one’s own decision
Nonmaleficence
do no harm
Beneficence
doing good
Justice
fairness
Fidelity
to be faithful to agreements/promises
Veracity
truth-telling
Describe how a nurse acts in the role of the client advocate.
Client advocate acts to protect the client.
Represent the client’s needs to other health professionals
Assist clients to speak up for themselves
The Patient Care Partnership
High quality hospital care
A clean and safe environment
Involvement in your care
Protection of your privacy
Help when leaving the hospital
Help with your billing claims
interprofessional members
Social worker
Dietician
Activity Director
Occupational Therapist
Respiratory Therapist
Physical Therapist
Chaplain/Pastor
Physican
Nurse Practioner
Physician Assistant
Podiatrist
Dentist
Pharmacist
The Nursing Process
ADPIE:
Assessment-begins nursing process
Nursing Diagnosis-formulates statement of problem
Planning-set goals
Interventions-carrying out the plan of care
Evaluation-reassessing to determine if goal is met
Differentiate between a medical and a nursing diagnosis.
Nursing Diagnosis is a statement of nursing judgement and refers to a condition that nurses are licensed to treat
LPN
-simple situations
predictable, no frequent changes
RN
-complex situations
not predictable, frequent changes
Plan individualized care for client based on need
Set priorities
Establish client goals/desired outcomes
Make desired outcomes measurable
Plan overall strategies to address client problems.
Subject-client
Verb-what they are going to do
Condition or modifiers
Criterion of desired performance
Ex: client drinks 2,500 ml of fluid daily.
Independent Interventions
Physical care
Ongoing assessment
Teaching & counseling
Emotional Support & Comfort
Enviromental management
Referrals
Dependent Interventions
Orders for medications
Intravenous therapy
Diagnostic tests & Treatment
Diet & activity orders
Chain of infection
Infectious agent
Reservoir or source
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible Host
Increase in Neutrophils
Bacteria
Increase in Lymphocytes
Viral
How can we ID a infection
Elevated WBC
Increase in
Neutrophils-bacteria
Lymphocytes-viral
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Positive cultures