PHARMACOLOGY - DRUG ASSOC Flashcards
DRUG ASSOCIATIONS
serum sickness
drug causes
infection cause
drugs (haptens): penicillin, monoclonal AB
Infection: Hep B
Partial agonists (4)
Buprenorphine
Clomiphene
Acbutolol / Pindolol
Varenicline
Narrow Window drugs (5)
Warfrin
Theophylline
Digoxin
Antiepileptics
Lithium
Zero order kinetics
Phenytoin
Ethanol
Aspirin
rate of reaction is constant & independent of substrate concentration
Freely excreted (kidney)
drugs
Metformin
Aminoglycosides
Lithium
Vancomycin
β-lactam antibiotics
Digoxin (partially)
Slow acetylators
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Hydralazine
Sulfonamides
Dapsone
Drug induced Lupus
(& anti-histone AB)
caused by
Hydralazine
Procainamide
Isoniazid
Quinidine
Loopy Professors have High IQ
Methaemoglobinuria
drugs causing this
Sulfonamides (Dapsone)
Local anaesthetics
Nitrates
Drugs increasing Lithium toxicity
NSAIDs
Thiazides
ACEi (Enalapril)
you’re NAT LITHening
SIADH
SSRIs
Carbamazepine
Cyclophosfamide
Drug with MAOi activity
(& interaction with serotinin inducing drugs causes seretonin syndrome)
Linezolid
(when combined with: SSRI, SNRI, opioid - tramadol, triptans)
50S (inhibits protein synthesis) - Tx gram(+) MRSA
G6PD deficiency - haemolysis inducing drugs
Primaquine, Chloroquine
Sulfatides
Nitrofurantoin, Ciprofloxacin
Ibuprofen, Aspirin
drugs affecting microtubules
Mebendazole
Griseofulvin
Colchicine
Vina Alkaloids
Taxanes
What drug inhibits secretion of penicillin
Probenecid
Can cause idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Tetracyclines
Vitamin A
Danazol
Treat SAH vasospasm
Nimodipine
QT prolongation
4 drug classes - ‘4A’s’
Antiarrhythmics:
Class IA (quinidine, procainamide), Class III (amiodarone, sotalol)
Antibiotics:
Macrolides (azithromycin), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin)
Antipsychotics:
Haloperidol, ziprasidone
Antidepressants:
TCAs (amitriptyline), SSRIs (citalopram)
Others:
Methadone, ondansetron
Bradycardia & AV block
function of what drugs
Beta-blockers (metoprolol)
Calcium channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem)
Digoxin
Theophylline
AE
tachyarrythmia
Adenosine receptor antagonist → increases heart rate (blocks adenosine’s bradycardia effects)
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor → ↑ cAMP → ↑ catecholamine effects
These actions lead to increased cardiac excitability
Nitrates are contraindicated with
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
(nitriates reduce preload -> increase LVOT obstruction)
**PDE-5 inhibitors **
(both vasodilators -> increase hypotensive effects)
drugs that displace Digoxin
Verapamil
Amiodarone
Quinidine
Cimetidine (H2 receptor antagonist)
Spironolactone
complete for binding protein
increase digoxin toxicity
(antiarrythmics)
procainamide
hydralazine
quinidine
isoniazid
cause what AE
drug induced lupus
Cinchonism, Tinnitis
Quinidine
sotalol AE
torsades de pointes
amiodarone
AE
pulmonary fibrosis
hepatotoxicity
hypo/hyperthyroidism
(lipophilic - has I, II, III, IV effects)
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
drug cause
macrolides
erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin
hypokalaemic, hypochloremic metabolic acidosis 2’ to vomiting gastric acid + volume contraction
Mycophenolate mofetil ‘bug’ association
can cause CMV infection
Glucocorticoids stopped abruptly
adrenal insufficiency
Natalizumab ‘virus’ association
PML in JC virus patients
Sulfa drugs
Sulfonamides
Sulfasalazine
Probenicid
Furosemide
Acetazolamide
Celecoxib
Thiazides
Sulfonylureas
‘Scary Sulfa Pharm FACTS’
calcium carbonate can chelate with
tetracycline
reduce effectiveness of other drugs
serotonin syndrome can occur when sumatriptan is combined with ___
5-HT agonists
i.e. SSRI, SNRI, MAOi, TCA, busiprone, odansetron, tramadol, linezolid, amphetamines, MDMA
drugs relaxing uterus
nifedipine
terbutline
indomethacin
3 assoc with serum sickness
penicillins
monoclonal AB
hepatitis B
(AERD) aspirin-exaccerbated respiratory disease resembles a ____ hypersensitivity, but is caused instead by ____
T1HS
COX inhibition
“pseudoallergic reaction”
increased conversion to leukotrienes (flushing, bronchial inflammation)
T1HS is IgE mediated
