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HISTOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

seen in

A

smudge cells

CLL

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2
Q

seen in

A

reed-sternberg cells

positive CD15+, CD30+

hodgkin lymphoma

abnormal lymphocyte, B cell (giant cell)

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3
Q

seen in

A

pseudo-pegler huet cells

myeloproliferative diseases

bilobed neutrophils

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4
Q

what is the arrow indicating

Burkitt Lymphoma

A

macrophage

‘starry night sky’

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5
Q

seen in

A

ALL
lymphoblasts

children

cells with fine chromatin and a high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio, as seen in the image

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6
Q

seen in

A

mycosis fungoides

non-septate, 90% (wide) branching hyphae

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7
Q

seen in

recent illness
acute haemolytic anaemia
jaundice

A

G6PD deficiency

Heinz bodies

Heinz bodies = precipitated, denatured hemoglobin deposits within red blood cells, indicating oxidant injury,

Howell-Jolly bodies = residual nuclear DNA remnants in mature red blood cells, often associated with splenic dysfunction

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8
Q

seen in

A

call exner bodies

granulosa cell tumours
‘call granny exner’

clusters surrounding a central cavity with eosinophilic secretions, resembling primordial follicles.

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9
Q

seen in

can be one part of Meigs syndrome

A

ovarian fibroma

spindle cells

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10
Q

seen in

A

sertoli-leydig cell tumour

reinke crystals in leydig cells

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11
Q

seen in

A

Pautrier microabscesses

mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)

epidermis contains numerous atypical T-cells

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12
Q

seen in

malignant, postmenopausal

A

hyperplasia pathway
endometrioid carcinoma

endometrial cancer - hyperplasia pathway

tightly packed glands > stroma

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13
Q

seen in

A

sporadic pathway
serous papillary carcinoma

**endometrial cancer **- sporadic pathway
no precursor lesion

serous, papillary projections, psamomma bodies

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14
Q

seen in

thyroid

A

graves disease

irregular follicles, scalloped colloid, chornic inflammation

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15
Q

arrythmia
hyperthermia
vomiting
hypovolemic shock
aggitation, anxious, LOC

in setting of thyroid

A

thyroid storm

graves disease complication

elevated catecholamines, hormone excess
trigger: stresser - childbirth, surgery
Tx: PTU, BB, steroids

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16
Q

women childbearing age
diffuse goiter
high T4
low TSH
hypocholesterolaemia
increased serum glucose

A

graves disease

17
Q

multinodular goiter types (2)

A

euthyroid (nontoxic)
toxic goiter

TSH-independant - toxic goiter (not under TSH control)
multinodular goiter - due to relative iodine deficiency

18
Q

mental retardation, short stature, skeletal abnormalities, coarse facial features, enlarged tongue, umbilical hernia

A

cretinism

hypothyroidism in neonates
thyroid H needed for brain/skeletal dev

19
Q

lithium can cause

A

hypothyroidism

20
Q

seen in

hypothyroidism

A

hashimoto thyroiditis

chronic inflammation with germinal centers and Hurthle cells (eosinophillic metaplasia of cells lining follicles)

21
Q

anithyroglobulin AB
antithyroid peroxidase AB
HLA-DR5

A

hashimoto thyroiditis

anti-Tg
Anti-TPO

22
Q

hashimoto thyroiditis has increased risk for

A

B cell marginal zone lymphoma (MZL)

enlarging thyroid gland in hashimotos late in disease course - think …

23
Q

40yo
hypothyroidism
chronic inflammation
extensive fibrosis of thyroid
non-tender
invasion of i.e. airway

A

riedel fibrosing thyroiditis

‘hard as wood’
malignant cells absent
patients young - 40yo

can mimic anaplastic carcinoma (but this is seen in older patients)

24
Q

what shows up as a hot (1) or cold (2) thyroid nodule

A

hot = graves
cold = adenoma, carcinoma

thyroid neoplasma - typically benign
biopsy by FNA

25
proliferation of follicles fibrous capsule non-functional
follicular **adenoma** | rarely secrete thyroid hormone
26
white clearing of nuclei nuclar groves psammoma bodies from exposure to ionising ration in childhood can spread to cervical LN good prognosis
papillary carcinoma thyroid | 'orphan annie nuclei' psammoma bodies
27
malignant proliferation of follicles fibrous capsule with invasion
follicular carcinoma metastasis haematogenously | **invasion** differentiates from **adenoma** ## Footnote FNA only examines cells NOT the capsule carcinoma Dx **cannot** be made by FNA
28
carcinomas tend to like to spread via **LN** which carcinomas (exceptions 4) prefer to metastasise **haematogenously**
**RCC** - renal v **HCC** - hepatic v **FC** - follicular ca **CC** - choriocarcinoma
29
malignant cells in an amyloid stroma
**medullary carcinoma** of thyroid amyloid **MEN 2A 2B (RET oncogene)** | calcitonin --> **hypocalcaemia** ## Footnote calcitonin deposit as amyloid
30
elderly undifferentiated malignant tumour thyroid invasive dysphagia, respiratory compromise poor prognosis
anaplastic carcinoma | riedel thyroiditis can mimic this (but younger pts & no malignant cells)
31
seen in ## Footnote bone malignancy
chondrosarcoma | chondrocyte-like cells hyaline like cartilage produced ## Footnote mesenchymal cell origin

BSIC (27 decks)

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