Pharmacology - Cholinergic Flashcards
Adrenergic and Cholinergic contain which receptors?
Adrenergic = adrenaline & noradrenaline + receptor
Cholinergic = acetylecholine + receptor
What is the PNS split into?
Afferent - sensory (first order neurones)
Efferent - motor
What is efferent split into?
Somatic NS (voluntary)
Autonomic (Involuntary)
Enteric (GI)
What does the somatic NS control?
Skeletal muscle
What does the autonomic NS control?
Smooth muscle, cardiac, glands
What does the autonomic NS split into?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Somatic NS - Skeletal
How many neurones?
excitatory or inhibitory?
what chemoreceptor released?
Single neurones between CNS to skeletal muscle
Only excitatory Ach (not inhibitory)
Autonomic NS = Smooth muscle, cardiac and glands (GI Neurons)
Voluntary or involuntary?
how many chain neurones?
Preganglionic/post hormone?
Which receptors do they act on?
Involuntary
2 Neurone chain
Pre = Ach on nicotinergic
Post =
Ach on muscarinic (parasympathetic)
NAd on alpha/beta receptors (sympathetic)
What drugs affect NMJ?
Botulinum toxin (Botox)
What does botox do?
mechanism
Ach release inhibited (binds to presynaptic vesicles), paralysis
cosmetic use
Overstimulation of Ach at nmj (too much Ach) causes?
Cholinergic crisis
SLUDGE - parasympathetic
What does SLUDGE stand for?
Salivation
Lacrimation (watery eyes)
Urination
Defacation (poo)
GI distress (tummy pain)
Emesis (vomiting)
What can be used to cause opposite of SLUDGE?
Ach Antagonist
TCA drugs or oxybutynin
What are the 5 Ach receptors and Locations?
M1 = Brain
M2 = Heart
M3 = Lung
(all organs with parasympathetic innervation)
M4/5 = Mainly CNS
Parasympathetic (Ach) vs Sympathetic (NAd)
Rest & digest or fight and flight?
Pupil?
HR?
Broncho….?
GI Motility + secretion?
Bladder (detrusor) contract or relax?
Penis?
Parasympathetic:
Rest and Digest
Pupil constriction
Low HR
Bronchonstriction
High GI Motility and secretion
Bladder contracts
Penis points (erect)
Sympathetic:
Fight or flight
Pupil dilate
High HR
Bronchodilation
Low GI Motility + secretion
Bladder relaxes
Penis Shoots (ejaculation)
