Pharmacoknetics And Dynamics

Question 1

What is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 1

How the body affects the drug
ADME

Question 2

What does ADME stand for?

Answer 2

Administration, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 3

What is administration?
What does bioavailability mean?

Answer 3

Route and entry into body

How fast and to what extent the drug reaches systemic circulation - amount of drug taken up as a proportion of amount administered

Question 4

What route of administration has the best bioavailability?

Answer 4

IV - Always 100%

Question 5

What is distribution?

Answer 5

How a drug is distributed in plasma according to chemical properties and size
May be up taken by some organs (eg, liver, brain)

Question 6

What is metabolism?

Answer 6

Drug metabolised by kidneys or liver

Question 7

What is metabolised in kidneys and liver?

Answer 7

Kidneys - mostly small water soluble
Liver - large hydrophobic molecules

Question 8

Metabolism is classified by rate and phase
what are the phases?

Answer 8

Phase 1 - Mild increase in hydrophilicity by microsomal enzymes (CYP450)
Eg. + (-OH) group

Phase 2 - Major hydrophilicity increased by CONJUGATION (eg. glucuronidation)

Question 9

What is Excretion?

Answer 9

In urine + faeces
mostly by kidneys

Question 10

What is pharmacodynamics?

Answer 10

The effect the drug has on the body