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Y1 Cardiovascular > Pharmacology - BP Drugs > Flashcards

Pharmacology - BP Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what is angina?

A

pain occurring when the oxygen supply to the myocardium is insufficient to meet its demands

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2
Q

what are the three types of angina?

A

stable
unstable
variant

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3
Q

what causes stable angina?

A

fixed narrowing of coronary vessels as a consequence of atherosclerosis

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4
Q

how does stable angina present?

A

predictable pain that comes on upon exertion

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5
Q

what causes unstable angina?

A

a thrombus in association with an atheromatous plaque

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6
Q

how does unstable angina present?

A

pain due to less exertion

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7
Q

what is there a risk of in unstable angina?

A

MI

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8
Q

what is variant angina associated with?

A

coronary artery spasm

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9
Q

what is hypertension?

A

abnormally high BP sustained over time

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10
Q

what do organic nitrates do?

A

relax all types of smooth muscle via their metabolism to NO

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11
Q

what effect do organic nitrates have on blood vessels?

A

venorelaxation
arteriolar dilatation - high doses
increased coronary blood flow

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12
Q

how do organic nitrates help angina?

A

decrease myocardial oxygen requirment

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13
Q

what are organic nitrates used to manage?

A

all types of angina

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14
Q

name two types of organic nitrates

A 
glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)
isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN)
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15
Q

how long does it take for GTN to work?

A

only 30 mins

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16
Q

how is GTN administered for stable angina?

A

sublingually as a spray

17
Q

how is GTN administered in unstable angina?

A

IV with aspirin

18
Q

why is ISMN more longer acting than GTN?

A

it is resistant to first pass metabolism, whereas GTN undergoes extensive metabolism

19
Q

how is ISMN administered for agina?

A

orally 2x daily for prophylaxis

20
Q

what is the MOA of CCBs?

A

block or prevent opening of L type calcium channels, limiting increases in calcium concentrations

reduce rate and force of contraction

21
Q

name three CCBs and what they are selective for

A

verapamil - cardiac channels
amlodipine - smooth muscle channels
diltiazem - both

Y1 Cardiovascular (22 decks)

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