Pharmacology and Anesthesia Flashcards by Terry Herring

An emergency drug that increases myocardial contractility

Calcium chloride

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What body system evokes a physiologic response that is similar to the response evoked by sympathomimetic cardiovascular drugs

Sympathetic nervous system

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One kilogram is equal to

1,000 grams

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All statements concern?

Normal range for women is 37-43%
Decrease indicates a decrease in RBCs
Readings are unreliable after blood transfusion administration

Hematocrit

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Drug used to treat MH

Dantrolene

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The isotonic solution that is closest to human physiology

0.9 NS

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When a drug loses its effectiveness in a patient, the patient is said to have developed

Tachyphylaxis

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What is the mechanism of heparin

Breaks down the clot

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The only depolarizing muscle relaxant

Succinylcholine (Anectine)

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Lidocaine with epinephrine is contraindicated in surgery of

Finger
Toes
Penis

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Normal hematocrit (HCT) range

37%-52%

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When drawing a blood sample a safe time lapse between blood drawing and analysis is

10 minutes

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When given as a preop medication, atropine produces

Drying of secretions

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A drug combined with heparin that causes a postop loss of anticoagulant activity

Protamine sulfate

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The drug added to a local to increase diffusion

Hyaluronidase
(used in ophthalmic procedures)

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What is the measurement of the pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood

PaCO2

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What is a measurement of the amount of bicarbonate in arterial blood

HCO3

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Inhalation agents

Enflurane (Ethrane)
Sevoflurate
Nitrous oxide

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Cephalothin sodium (Keflin) is a/an:

Antibiotic

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Levarterenol (Levophed)

Used to reverse hypotension

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Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) is a/an:

Analgesic

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Dextran is used parenterally to:

Expand blood plasma volume

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Secobarbital

Preoperative sedative

Common pathogens infecting traumatic wounds often require the use of:

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

What is the amount of time that heparin systemically distributed in the adult

3 minutes

What IV solution is isotonic

0.9% sodium chloride

The volume of RBCs in whole blood is determined by what test

Hematocrit

A common complication during emergence from general anesthesia is

Hypoxia

What antibiotics should not be given as a preoperative prophylaxis to a pediatric patient

Ciprofloxacin

During the administration of general anesthesia, there is loss of the eyelid reflex in stage:

Aminoglycosides are a category of antibiotics that:

Can cause severe otoxicity and nephrotoxicity

A microscopic blood count that estimates the percentages of each type of leukocyte within a sample

Differential

Some patients may show the most severe and life-threatening type of reaction to certain drugs known as

Anaphylaxis

A broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic that interferes with synthesis of the cell wall and has a chemical structure similar to the penicillins

Cefazolin

Cricoid pressure is applied to prevent

Aspiration

Drug that can be used to treat hypotension that results from a allergic reaction

Epinephrine

Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan)

Narcotic antagonist

The reversal agent for heparin-induced anticoagulation

Protamine sulfate

A catecholamine that produces an increase in the myocardial contraction

Isoproterenol

According to the Mallampati classification of preoperatively assessing airway adequacy for intubation purposes, what is Class III

Soft palate, anterior and posterior tonsillar pillars and uvula are visualized

In cataract surgery, a viscous jelly sometimes used to occupy space

Healon

A miotic drug

Pilocarpine

Local anesthetic used most frequently for preoperative ocular-instillation

Tetracaine

A solution used for eye irrigation

Balanced salt solution

Dye used in ophthalmic surgery to diagnose corneal abrasions

Fluorescein sodium

The reactions ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity can be result of administering

Aminoglycosides

Paralyzes the sphincter muscle of the iris

Cycloplegics

Describe second-degree AV block

Some, but not all, atrial beats are conducted to the ventricles

The P-wave displays _________, and the PR segment is caused by the delay in the AV node

Atrial depolarization

The T wave indicates

Ventricular repolarization

An emergency drug used for treating ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia

Inderal

High doses of nitrous oxide block the metabolism of what vitamin

Vitamin B12

An emergency drug used in cardiac surgery that increases myocardial contractility

Calcium chloride

Cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular origin can be treated with

Lidocaine

What is the drug of choice when lidocaine fails to achieve response for treating ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation during sudden cardiac arrest

Bretylium

During induction of anesthesia, what would the administration of propofol (Diprivan) cause

Hypnotic state and sedation to unconsciousness