Orthopedics Flashcards
What nerves can be injured during a lateral lower leg fasciotomy
Superficial peroneal
The most reliable tendon graft for primary reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
Patellar
The type of fracture that is caused by impaction of one bone upon another
Compression
What can be a cause of locking of the knee joint
Osteochondral defects
What fractures are at the greatest risk of infection
Open fracture
Trauma patient with a cervical spine injury at or near C3 to C5 is at great risk for
Respiratory difficulties
What nerve is affected by carpal tunnel syndrome
Median
An injury to the long thoracic nerve could cause
Winged scapula
An injury to the ulnar nerve could cause
Claw hand
During a triple arthrodesis, the capsule of the talonavicular, calcaneocuboid and subtalar joints are circumferentially incised to
Gain as much ankle joint mobility as possible
What muscle is an important anatomical landmark in fractures of the forearm
Pronator teres
What fracture is caused by falling on the back of the hand with the wrist flexed, also called a reverse Colles’ fracture
Smith’s
What carpal bones are fractured most frequenlty
Scaphoid
What metacarpals is most commonly fractures when associated with a “boxer’s” fracture
Fifth
What disorder is characterized by compression of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendon near the radial styloid process
De Quervain’s
The most frequent site of cartilage tears in the knee joint
Medial meniscus
Anterior capsule is reattached to rim of the glenoid
Bankart procedure
What fracture is most commonly associated with a fat embolism
Femur
What nerve is at risk for injury in a humerus shaft fracture
Radial
What is a Monteggia fracture
Fracture of the proximal third of the ulna with radial dislocation
(more common inchildren)
Under which structure is the nerve trapped in carpal tunnel syndrome
Transverse carpal ligament
What movements of the upper extremity would be most painful if tendinitis of the supraspinatus muscle is present
Abduction of the shoulder
The border of the acetabular fossa of the hip joint that is deficient forming a C-shaped fossa that creates a gap is bridged by the:
Transverse ligament
What is the fibrocartilage structure of the acetabular fossa that encloses the head of the femur
Labrum
Following an injury to the lower limb, your patient’s knee is evaluated. His leg can easily be displaced anteriorly on a fixed thigh. This would indicate a torn:
Anterior cruciate ligament
What nerve is at risk for injury when a humeral shaft fracture occurs
Radial nerve
Carpal bones
“Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle,” is a mnemonic helping to recall the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate bones. The scaphoid bone is the most commonly fractured carpal bone, from falling on the wrist with hand outstretched.
Best indicator for possible failure of BKA to heal
Absence of a popliteal artery pulse when palpated
A laceration or avulsion of the extensor tendon at the proximal phalanx or proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is called
Boutonniere deformity
The distal tibia articulates with
Talus
The narrow rim of fibrocartilage around the edge of the glenoid cavity
Glenoid labrum
The superior margin of the hip bone
Iliac crest
The patellar ligament is attached proximally to the patella and distally to what structure
Tibial tuberosity
What tendon is located under the clavicle and is the site of most rotator cuff repairs
Supraspinatus
What knee ligament prevents the femur from sliding posteriorly on the tibia and is the usual site for knee ligament reconstruction
ACL
What nerve is most frequently injured due to a shoulder dislocation
Axillary
What diagnostic imaging technique is used to aid in diagnosing a rotator cuff tear
MRI
When performing a cannulated screw fixation for nondisplaced femoral neck fracture, compression of ____________ screw is completed first
Anterior screw is completed first
What are the key landmarks to avoid during hip replacement surgery to prevent nerve damage
Sciatic Nerve
femoral Nerve
What is the common approach for a distal radius fracture ORIF
Volar (anterior) incision
What is the most commonly used incision for an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction
Anteromedial
Anterolateral
What are the three phases of fracture healing
Inflammatory Phase
Reparative Phase (New bone tissue (callus)
remodeling Phase
When performing compression hip screw, where is the lag screw is inserted
Within 1 cm of the femoral articular surface
