General Surgery Flashcards
During a Whipple procedure, what surgical maneuver is performed to dissect the lateral peritoneal attachments of the duodenum
Kocher
What site is used for autotransplanting one or more of the parathyroid glands
Forearm
Major concern in draining a gangrenous gallbladder is
Contamination
What nerve is at the greatest risk for injury during a thyroidectomy
Recurrent laryngeal
When wound a hepaticojejeunostomy be performed
Whipple (pancreaticoduodenectomy)
A hernia through which bowel or omentum extends and cannot be returned to it normal positoin
Incarcerated hernia
What type of hernias occur in Hesselbach’s triangle
Direct
What is the most common type of hernia that occurs in females
Femoral hernia
Type of anastomosis of choice when performing a total abdominal colectomy for ulcerative colitis
Ileoanal
The flexure at the junction of the duodenum and jejunum
Ligament of Treitz
Intercostal nerves and vessels are located
Inferior to the rib
The section of the GI tract that is least affected by Crohn’s disease
Rectum
Hernia
Rupture
What nerve must be identified and protected from injury during a thyroidectomy
Recurrent Laryngeal
Incision used for laparoscopy
Infraumbilical
both direct and indirect hernias are the result of tears in the
Transversalis fascia
What nerves must be identified during an inguinal hernia repair
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal
What hernia involves the peritoneum and the abdominal viscera forms part of the hernia sac
Sliding
During a laparoscopic hernia repair, stapling is avoided in this triangular area inferior to the internal inguinal ring
Triangle of doom
During a laparoscopic hernia repair, staples should not be placed below the lateral iliopubic tract in order to avoid injury to
Genitofemoral and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves
What nerves is dissected from the lesser curvature of the stomach when performing a highly selective vagotomy (parietal cell vagotomy)
Nerves of Latarject
The invagination of the proximal intestine into the lumen of the distal intestine
Intussusception
Failure of the intestine to encapsulate within the peritoneal cavity of a newborn
Omphalocele
Newborn vomiting, free of bile and projectile in nature
Pyloric stenosis
Hirschsprung’s disease is synonymous with
Congenital aganglionosis
The most common intrabdominal childhood tumor
Nephroblastoma
Pathologic enlargement of the male breast
Gynecomastia
Surgical enlargement of the passage between the prepylorus of the stomach and the duodenum
Pyloromyotomy
Left subcostal incision indicates surgery on the
Spleen
What breast procedure removes the entire breast and axillary contents but preserves the pectoral muscles
Modified radical mastectomy
A sigmoid colostomy is brought through the
Rectus muscle
What surgical maneuvers refers to the dissection of the lateral peritoneal attachments of the duodenum to allow inspection of the duodenum, pancreas and other retroperitoneal structures
Kocher
What surgical maneuvers mobilizes the descending colon to the midline to expose the abdominal aorta
Mattox
Most common liver cancer
Metastatic disease
Removal of all liver tissue to the right of the falciform ligament
Trisegmentectomy
What artery is susceptible to injury during a cholecystectomy
Right hepatic
Increased WBC, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and positive blood culture would be associated with
Cholangitis
A tumor that involves the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts
Klatskin
What paired nerves must be carefully identified during a thyroidectomy
Recurrent laryngeal
The usual location of a Meckel’s diverticulum is
Approximately two feet from the ileocecal valve
Postoperative complications of an appendectomy include
Intestinal obstruction
Stump rupture
Sepsis
Complications that can result from a total thyroidectomy
Hypothyroidism
Tetany
Hoarseness
The incision for the tracheostomy is approximately 1/4 inches above the
Suprasternal notch
What nerves innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle, and should be identified and preserved when performing a radical neck dissection
Accessory
When closing the peritoneum or intestine, which type of needle is used
Taper
To establish a tracheostomy, a transverse or midline incision is made in the neck between the
Cricoid cartilage and suprasternal notch
What two arteries must be preserved during a pancreas retrieval
Splenic, superior mesenteric
In order to preserve the hepatic artery during liver and pancreas procurement, what branch artery must be identified and ligated
Gastroduodenal
Zenker’s diverticulum is an outpouching of the
Esophagus
An elderly patient who is one week post-abdominal surgery complains of a “popping” sensation associated with coughing or straining. The most likely cause is
Dehiscence
What structure must be anastomosed during a liver transplant
Hepatic artery
What hernias is typically the result of postoperative wound dehiscence
Incisional
During CBD explorations what structure is more likely to be accidentally inquired
Hepatic artery
Dumping syndrome is a complication of
Gastric bypass
A cholesteatoma is a benign tumor that develops in the
Mastoid bone
Adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas can result in jaundice, because of compression of the
Bile duct
What is an intraoperative hazard of laparoscopic surgery
Perforation
Postoperative hernias are common after what incision
Paramedian
When performing an inguinal hernia repair and incising the external oblique muscle, the sensory nerve that innervates the scrotum and must be preserved
Ilioinguinal
What section of the stomach is wrapped behind the esophagus during a Nissen procedure
Fundus
What retractors is typically used to retract the strap muscles during a thyroidectomy
Green
What is the most common physically identifiable pathology of portal hypotension
Splenomegaly
A left subcostal incision
Splenectomy
What arteries is identified, ligated and divided during the perineal dissection portion of an abdominoperineal resection
Inferior rectal artery
Position of total abdominal hysterectomy
Trendelenburg position
Incision for Hiatal hernia repair
Thoracoabdominal incision
A vagotomy is typically performed in conjunction with
Pyloroplasty
Position used in thyroid and gallbladder surgery
Reverse Trendelenburg
To perform cholangiography, which duct is identified and incised for placement of the catheter
Cystic
What two tests are the most cost-efficient in preoperative determination of calculi in the bile tract
Percutaneous ultrasound, liver function test
Condition of imperforate anus includes
Stenosis
Agensis
Membrane atresia
Positing most optimal for a pilonidal cystectomy
Kraske
When removing anal warts with a laser, the rectum is paced with a wet sponge to
Prevent escape of methane gas
Landmarks; medial rectus abdominas, lateral inferior epigastric vessels, and Inferior inguinal ligaments-Direct hernias occur here
Hesselbecks Triangle
When a direct & indirect hernia are present
Pantaloon Hernia
Used to repair femoral hernias(transverse fascia &conjoined tendon to cooper’s ligament (pectenial ligament)
McVays Repair
Twisting of the bowel can cut off blood supply and lead to gangrene; can be corrected by peristalsis
Volvulus
During a lap choley it is important to identify;
this is a thicker region of the lesser omentum extending between the liver and the duodenum the right edge is free and contains the portal triad: common bile duct, proper hepatic artery and the portal vein
hepatoduodenal
Gallbladder folds back on itself at neck, forms a pouch
Typical location for stones
Hartmans pouch
What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla also known as?;
distal common bile duct
Ampulla of Vater
Pocketlike sacs in the large intestines
Haustra
Fundus of the stomach is connected to the duodenum, body and pyloric region of the stomach is removed;
gastroduodenostomy
Biliroth 1
What are the three main sources of arterial and venous supply to the breast
Axillary
Intercostal
Internal Thoracic
Pledgeted suture is used for hemostasis in liver injury to:
To reduce cut-through