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CSFA Examination Study Prep > Basic Science > Flashcards

Basic Science Flashcards

1
Q

Lymph channels run parallel to:

A

Veins

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2
Q

Body temperature is regulated by the:

A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Electrolytes which are essential for normal cardiac contractions - Name 2

A

Potassium (K)
Calcium (Ca)

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4
Q

Water constitutes what average normal percentage of total body weight

A

50%-70%

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5
Q

The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the:

A

Isthmus

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6
Q

Langer lines generally lie perpendicular to the direction of

A

Underlying muscle tension

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7
Q

The arterial supply to the intestinal tract, with the exception of the stomach, duodenum, and distal rectum is derived from the:

A

Superior and Inferior mesenteric arteries

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8
Q

Excessive secretion of growth hormones in adults causes:

A

Acromegaly

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9
Q

The inner lining of the mucosa of the GI tract is composed of:

A

Epithelium

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10
Q

The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the:

A

Subclavian

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11
Q

An enzyme active in the digestive of starches is:

A

Amylase

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12
Q

The normal pH of blood is:

A

7.3 - 7.4

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13
Q

Which cells secrete pepsinogen

A

Chief

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14
Q

Which veins drains the intracranial venous sinuses to veins on the outside of the skull

A

Emissary

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15
Q

Which arteries supplies blood to the brain

A

Vertebral and internal carotids

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16
Q

Which arteries divides into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries

A

Internal carotid

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17
Q

What arteries are a direct branch of the internal carotid

A

Middle cerebral

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18
Q

The lateral ventricles within the cerebral hemisphere communicate with the third ventricle through the opening called

A

Foramen of Monro

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19
Q

The third ventricle of the brain empties into the fourth ventricle through the:

A

Aqueduct of Sylvius

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20
Q

Spinal fluid is produced by the:

A

Choroid plexus

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21
Q

The fold of dura mater that separates the cerebral hemispheres:

A

Falx cerebri

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22
Q

What separates the frontal and temporal lobes

A

Fissure of Sylvius

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23
Q

The frontal lobe is bounded posteriorly by the central sucus, also called

A

Fissure of Rolando

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24
Q

What is located in the frontal gyrus of the brain controls the function of speech

A

Broca’s

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25
Q

The white line of Hilton is situated

A

Between the external and internal anal sphincters

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26
Q

A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food molecules is called

A

Catabolism

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27
Q

Adipose tissues lies in which skin layer

A

Subcutaneous

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28
Q

Collagen is produced by what connective tissue cells

A

Fibroblasts

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29
Q

What is the normal cardiac output for an adult

A

4-8 L/minute

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30
Q

What veins drains the right side of the vertebral column

A

Azygos

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31
Q

What arteries supplies the cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and proximal portion of the transverse colon

A

Superior mesenteric

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32
Q

The celiac artery trifurcates into the

A

Left gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries

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33
Q

A prolongation of the breast tissue located in the upper, outer part of the breast that passes through an opening in the axillary fascia

A

Axillary tail of Spence

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34
Q

The mammary glans is fixed to the overlying skin and the underlying pectoral fascia by fibrous bands

A

Suspensory ligaments of Cooper

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35
Q

The arterial blood supply to the breast is supplied from branches of the

A

Internal mammary, axillary and lateral thoracic

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36
Q

What is the loose areolar tissue that separates the breast from the pectoralis major

A

Retromammary space

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37
Q

What lymph nodes are located between the pectoralis major and minor muscles

A

Rotter

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38
Q

What nerves travels along the anterior-lateral chest wall and innervates the serratus anterior muscle

A

Long thoracic

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39
Q

What nerves innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle

A

Thoracodorsal

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40
Q

The nerve of Grassi is associated with the:

A

Stomach

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41
Q

The veins of Sappey drain the:

A

Diaphragm

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42
Q

The node of Lund is located in the:

A

Triangle of Calot

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43
Q

Where is Hartmann’s pouch

A

Gallbladder infundibulum

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44
Q

The small ducts that drain bile directly into the gallbladder

A

Hepatic

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45
Q

What’s the name for the small pancreatic duct

A

Santorini

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46
Q

Three structures that form the anatomical triangle of Calot

A

Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, lower edge of the liver

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47
Q

The point of separation between the posterior rectus sheath superiorly and absence of the sheath inferiorly

A

Arcuate line

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48
Q

At what point does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery

A

At the location of the inguinal ligament

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49
Q

The avascular area located in the mesentery and to the left of the middle colic artery

A

The space of Riolan

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50
Q

The series of arcades along the mesenteric border throughout the length of the colon

A

Marginal artery of Drummond

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51
Q

The valves of the gallbladder

A

Heister

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52
Q

What nerves is located lateral to the long thoracic nerve and innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle

A

Thoracodorsal

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53
Q

What ligament connects the thyroid to the trachea

A

Berry

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54
Q

The structure that binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

A

Mesentery

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55
Q

The left gastric, right gastric, right gastroepiploic, left gastroepiploic, and short gastric arteries supply

A

Stomach

56
Q

The two muscles that form the pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani and coccygeus

57
Q

Variant laryngeal nerve that branches from the vagus and travels directly to the larynx

A

Nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve

58
Q

Jackson’s membrane would be found near the

A

Cecum

59
Q

The flexure between the transverse colon and the descending colon

A

Splenic

60
Q

The anastomosis of arcades between the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels is known as the long anastomosis of

A

Riolan

61
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm

A

Phrenic

62
Q

The rectus sheaths that meet to form a tough fibrous white band that extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis

A

Linea alba

63
Q

What organ is completely retroperitoneal

A

Kidney

64
Q

The liver is divided into two principles lobes by what ligaments

A

Falciform

65
Q

The sphincter located at the distal end of the common bile duct that opens into the duodenum

A

Oddi

66
Q

The cartilage distal to the thyroid cartilage and proximal to the thyroid gland

A

Cricoid

67
Q

What vein is shared by the pancreas and liver

A

Portal

68
Q

The head of the pancreas is surround by the

A

Duodenum

69
Q

What artery supplies blood to the thyroid gland

A

External carotid

70
Q

What structures are located in the anterior mediastinum

A

Thymus, ascending aorta, lymph nodes

71
Q

The anatomical division between the inguinal and femoral regions

A

Poupart’s ligament

72
Q

Hesselbacks triangle is bounded by the rectus abdominis muscle, inferior epigastric vessels and

A

Inguinal ligament

73
Q

The inner lining of the mucosa within the GI tract

A

Simple columnar epithelium

74
Q

Another name for the folds on the inner wall of the stomach

A

Rugae

75
Q

The area where the common bile duct joins the pancreatic duct and enters the duodenum

A

Ampulla of Vater

76
Q

The uterine artery is a branch of the anterior truck of the

A

Internal iliac artery

77
Q

The ovary is suspended from the posterior leaf of the broad ligament by the

A

Mesovarium

78
Q

The ovarian artery is a branch of the

A

Abdominal aorta

79
Q

What ligament travels in the upper part of the broad ligaments below and in front of the fallopian tubes, passing over the vesicle vessels

A

Round

80
Q

What ligament encloses the round ligament and extends from the lateral surface of the uterus to the pelvic wall

A

Broad

81
Q

What nourish the eyeball consists mainly of blood vessels

A

Choroid

82
Q

The ophthalmic artery divides into the

A

Supraorbital and supratrochlear

83
Q

What rectus muscle moves the eyeball upward and medially

A

Superior

84
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve that supplies the vocal cords lies very close to the

A

Inferior thyroid artery

85
Q

The arterial blood supply to the nose is from branches of the internal and external:

A

Maxillary

86
Q

The five branches of the facial nerve from superior to inferior after it enters the parotid gland

A

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical

87
Q

Where do the mental nerves and vessels exit from the mandible

A

Foramen

88
Q

In addition to the zygoma, what other bones comprises the zygomatic arch

A

Temporal

89
Q

What is the principal muscle of the pelvic floor

A

Levator ani

90
Q

The junction of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins forms the:

A

Portal vein

91
Q

The tibial and common peroneal nerves are terminal branches of

A

Sciatic

92
Q

The arterial supply to the bladder is derived mainly from the

A

Internal iliac

93
Q

What structure of the kidney does urine drain into from the major calyces

A

Renal pelvis

94
Q

A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone

A

Condyle

95
Q

At what vertebral level is the odontoid process located

A

C2

96
Q

What cavities within the brain is filled with CSF

A

Ventricles

97
Q

What ligament is attached to the posterior lateral condyle of the femur and to the notch of the midline of the tibia between the tibial condyles

A

Anterior cruciate

98
Q

The gelatinous substance within an intervertebral disc

A

Nucleus pulposus

99
Q

What vein proximally travels across the neck of the abdominal aorta

A

Renal

100
Q

Branches of the aortic arch

A

Brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian

101
Q

The terminal arterial branches of the aorta

A

Right and left common iliac

102
Q

The coronary arteries originate at the base of the ascending aorta, also known as

A

Sinuses of Valsalva

103
Q

Branches of the left coronary artery

A

Circumflex and anterior descending arteries

104
Q

The thoracic duct begins in the

A

Abdomen at the Cisterna Chyli

105
Q

Two-thirds of the breast tissue rests o the pectoralis major muscle and the other one-third rests on the

A

Serratus anterior

106
Q

The carotid body and carotid sinus are two sensory structure; the carotid body is a:

A

Chemoreceptor

107
Q

The valve that prevents the retrograde flow of blood into the atrium from the left ventricle is the:

A

Mitral

108
Q

Deoxygenated blood is carried from the right ventricles to the lungs via the:

A

Pulmonary arteries

109
Q

At the base of each internal carotid artery is an enlargement called

A

Sinus

110
Q

The three protective tissue layers called the meninges lie in the following order, starting with the most superficial

A

Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

111
Q

Fissure of Sylvius separates the

A

Frontal and temporal lobe

112
Q

The great sensory nerve of the face and head

A

Trigeminal

113
Q

What cranial nerve emerges from the medulla, passes through the skull, and descends through the neck region into the thorax and abdominal region

A

X (10)
Vagus

114
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle

A

Trochlear (IV)

115
Q

What cranial nerve innervates the inferior, medial, superior rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae muscles of the eye

A

Oculomotor (III)

116
Q

What nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye

A

Abducens (VI)

117
Q

The dura plan that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

A

Tentorium cerebelli

118
Q

Identify A

A

Right Hepatic Artery

119
Q

Identify A

A

Left Hepatic Artery

120
Q

Identify A

A

Proper Hepatic Artery

121
Q

Identify A

A

Celiac Trunk

122
Q

Identify A

A

Splenic Artery

123
Q

Identify A

A

Left Gastric Artery

124
Q

Identify A

A

Common Hepatic

125
Q

Identify A

A

Gastroduodenal Artery

126
Q

Identify A
Identify B

A

A = Lateral Pectoral
B = Medical Pectoral

127
Q

Identify A

A

Long Thoracic Nerve

128
Q

Identify A

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

129
Q

Identify A
Identify B
Identify C

A

A = Inferior Mesenteric Vein
B = Sigmoid Veins
C = Superior Mesenteric Vein

130
Q

Identify A
Identify B

A

A = Pudental Artery
B = Inferior Hemorrhoidal Artery, Nerve, and Vein

131
Q

Identify A
Identify B
Identify C

A

A = Common Hepatic Duct
B = Common Bile Duct
C = Cystic Duct

132
Q

Identify A

A

A = Ampulla of Vater

133
Q

The main arterial supply to the small intestine comes from the:

A

Superior mesenteric artery

134
Q

What layer of the small intestine is the most important layer to suture to produce the strongest anastomosis

A

Submucosa

135
Q

What CNs are exposed, preserved, or scarified when doing a radical neck dissection

A

12 - Hypoglossal
11 - Accessory
10 - Vagus
7 - facial

CSFA Examination Study Prep (16 decks)

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