Genitourinary Surgery

Question 1

What fistulas refers to leakage of urine into the vagina

Answer 1

Vesicovaginal

Question 2

Stone are sent to the lab

Answer 2

Dry

Question 3

When performing a radical cystectomy with ileal conduit, what is an alternative patient position that a surgeon may prefer

Answer 3

Low lithotomy

Question 4

A staghorn stone is one that lodges and continues to grow in the

Answer 4

Renal calyx

Question 5

What solution is used during a diagnostic cystoscopy

Answer 5

Distilled water

Question 6

Permanent urinary diversion includes

Answer 6

Ileal conduit
Ureterocystostomy
Cutaneous ureterostomy

Question 7

A radical lymphadenectomy is performed to treat cancer of the

Answer 7

Testicles
(procedure to remove abdominal lymph nodes to treat testicular cancer, as well as help establish its exact stage)

Question 8

A transplanted kidney is placed into the

Answer 8

Iliac fossa

Question 9

The bladder is supported by the rectovesical fascia called

Answer 9

Denonvilliers

Question 10

What is a surgical treatment for vesicoureteral reflux

Answer 10

Ureteral reimplantation

Question 11

What is the formix in the kidney organ

Answer 11

Edge of the minor calyces

Question 12

Complications of a TURP include

Answer 12

Extravasation of irrigation fluid
Bladder perforation
Urethral injury

Question 13

The fascia surrounding the kidney

Answer 13

Gerota’s

Question 14

The donor left kidney is preferred in order to procure additional length of the:

Answer 14

Vein

Question 15

What affects renal vascular resistance

Answer 15

Mannitol

As mannitol works, it first increases the intravascular free water content, which can worsen electrolyte abnormalities, including hyponatremia. In the second phase of action, mannitol gets excreted in the urine with excess free water, potentially causing hypernatremia due to the induced diuresis

Question 16

A patient who has undergone a right side herniorrhaphy presents 2-5 days postoperatively with swollen and tender testis. What complication is most likely occurring

Answer 16

Ischemic orchitis

(this could have been avoided by undue dissection within the spermatic cord)

Question 17

The kidney lift should be situated below what structure when positioning a patient for a nephrectomy

Answer 17

Iliac crest

Question 18

What vein in addition to the gonadal and lumbar, should be clamped and ligated when performing a left kidney procurement

Answer 18

Adrenal

Question 19

What is one of the main objectives of procedures for female stress incontinence?

Answer 19

Restore the posterior urethrovesical angle

Question 20

What might the donor kidney be placed into to reduce possibility of injury during handling and transplantation?

Answer 20

Woven stockinette

Question 21

What self-retaining retractor is used for open suprapubic prostatectomy?

Answer 21

Judd-Mason

Question 22

What is the name of a continent urinary reservoir that may be performed following cystectomy?

Answer 22

Koch pouch

Question 23

What structure of male anatomy is divided into three sections: prostatic, membranous, and spongy?

Answer 23

Urethra

Question 24

What measure is taken to reduce the metabolic needs and prevents tubular necrosis of a kidney removed for transplant?

Answer 24

Cooling with Collins solution or ice slush

Question 25

What is the more common name for ureteroileocutaneous diversion?

Answer 25

Ileal conduit

Question 26

Flow of urine

Answer 26

Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Urethral meatus

Question 27

Condition characterized by the presence of kidney stones

Answer 27

Nephrolithiasis

Question 28

Ureters pass _____ (over/under) the uterine artery and the ductus deferens.

Answer 28

Under

(remember: “water [ureters] under the bridge [artery and ductus deferens]”)

Question 29

What procedure must be careful in not damaging the ureter and causing a ureteral obstruction or leak?

Answer 29

ligation of uterine vessels traveling in the cardinal ligament

Question 30

Name six toxicities associated with use of loop diuretics; use the mnemonic “OH DANG!”

Answer 30

Ototoxicity, Hypokalemia, Dehydration, Allergy (sulfa), Nephritis (interstitial), and Gout

Question 31

What congenital anomalies does the urethra open on the underside of the penis

Answer 31

Hypospadias

Question 32

When a flank approach is used for a nephrectomy, what muscles are involved

Answer 32

Litissimus dorsi
Internal oblique

Question 33

3-way Foley catheter, with a 30cc balloon is used after TURP to

Answer 33

Irrigate and facilitate hemostasis

Question 34

What catheters is used primarily for suprapublic drainage

Answer 34

Pezzer