pharmacology Flashcards
what is the communication between cells
INTER cellular communication
why do chemical messengers only effect certain cells
as the cell has the specific receptor for that chemical messenger
what do receptors do
enable specificity
evoke an appropriate response
what are the appropriate responses of receptors
membrane permeability (NMJ)
secretory
metabolism
rate of proliferation
what are intracellular receptors
receptors that are inside the cell
BUT STILL RESPOND TO INTERCELLULAR chemical MESSAGES
what properties do intercellular chemical messengers that bind intracellular receptors have
lipophilic (lipid-soluble)
steroid hormone (regulate transcription)
have to bind to a protein in plasma
Nitric oxide - NO what is it
unorthodox transmitter
CNS neurotransmitter
produced in cell diffuses right out - and into next cell
binds to INTRACELLULAR RECEPTOR
what dose NO bind to
then what dose that cause
soluble guanylyl cyclase
generates cGMP as a secondary messenger
if a chemical messenger is NOT lipid soluble then what receptor will it bind to
cell surface/ plasma membrane receptors
what are the classes 4 of plasma membrane receptors
ionotropic
receptor enzyme complex (integral)
receptor enzyme complex (not integral)
G protein-coupled receptor
what is a ionotropic receptor
it opens or closes a channel allowing a change in the membrane potential due to the change in ions
what is a example of ionotropic receptor
what do they do
nicotinic ACh receptor
evoke fast EPSP or fast IPSP
what is a receptor enzyme complex
a receptor that has an enzyme as a integral part of it
what is an example of a receptor enzyme complex
tyrosine kinase which phosphorylates a tyrosine residue
changing the activity of the protein leading to the cells response
what is a receptor enzyme complex that doesn’t have an integral enzyme
what is an example - what dose it do
a receptor that is bound to a different protein that is a enzyme
jak kinase - protein synthesis
how dose a g protein work
chemical messenger binds to receptor - release the 3 different G protein subunits
which work on effector protein
what can cAMP dependent kinase do
regulates transcription factors
regulate enzymes
regulate microtubules
what are the two types of G-protein couples receptors
coupled to adenylyl cyclase
phospholipase C
what binds the adenylyl cyclase
what dose adenylyl cyclase do
alpha subunit regulated it
breaks down ATP into Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
what is cAMP
a secondary messenger
what dose cAMP do
activate cAMP dependent protein kinase
what dose activated cAMP dependent protein kinase
phosphorylate other proteins and cause the cells response
what binds to phospholipase C to activate it
the alpha G protein
sent from
what dose phospholipase C do
brings down lipids in the membrane and breaks it down into IP3 and DAG
