Pharmacology 6 - Prescribing O2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is FiO2?

A

The fraction of inspired O2

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2
Q

What is SaO2?

A

Percentage of oxygen saturation of arterial blood

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3
Q

What is a major problem (especially with trauma patients) of giving high flow oxygen when they have an SaO2 of 100%?

A

As you fully saturate all haemoglobin with oxygen, you cannot see a change in SaO2 despite there being a change in pO2

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4
Q

What is respiratory failure?

A

It is defined as a pO2 of less than 8.0kPa. It caused by inadequate gas exchange resulting in hypoxia.

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5
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Deficiency of oxygen in the tissues

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6
Q

What is type 1 respiratory failure?What causes this?Examples?

A

A low pO2 (less than 8.0kPa) with normal or low PaCO2Caused primarily by ventilation/ perfusion mismatche.g. pneumonia, oedema, asthma, emphysema

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7
Q

What is type 2 respiratory failure?What causes this?Examples?

A

Hypoxia (PaO2 less than 8.0 kPa) and hypercapnia (PaCO2 greater than 6.0kPa)Caused by alveolar hypoventilation, with or without V/Q mismatche.g. asthma, COPD, reduced respiratory drive, neuromuscular disease, kyphoscoliosis, etc.

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8
Q

What is hypoxaemia?

A

An abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood

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9
Q

What is hypercapnia?

A

Hypercapnia refers to high pCO2(alveolar)

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10
Q

What is hypercarbia?

A

Hypercarbia refers to high pCO2(arterial)

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11
Q

Why should you be cautious when giving oxygen to patients with chronic type respiratory failure?

A

These patients can be in hypoxic drive and therefore are sensitive to high concentrations of inspired oxygen causing them to develop hypercarbia and become acidotic very quickly

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