Biochemistry 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is accuracy?

A

How close the result is to the true value

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2
Q

What is precision?

A

How predictable your results are

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3
Q

What is a false positive?

A

A healthy person who’s result is in the disease territory and which therefore acts as a false alarm

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4
Q

What is a false negative?

A

A diseases whose result sin the healthy territory and which is therefore falsely reassuring

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5
Q

What is sensitivity?

A

The percentage of those of who have the disease who are correctly identified by a positive test result

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6
Q

What is specificity?

A

The proportion of those who do not have the disease who are correctly identified by a negative test result

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7
Q

What is the positive predictive value?

A

The proportion of those who test positive who actually have the disease

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8
Q

What is the negative predictive value?

A

The proportion of those who test negative who do not have the disease

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9
Q

What happens to PPV and NPV as the prevalence of a disease falls?

A

They both fall

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10
Q

When is there not much value in carrying out an investigation in terms of prevalence? Why?

A

When the prevalence is very low or very high - the PPV isn’t very different from the probability - most useful when the prevalence is approximately 50%

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11
Q

What is the most sensitive biochemistry marker for an MI?

A

Creatinine kinase

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12
Q

What causes the release of enzymes into the blood during pancreatitis?

A

Acute and chronic pancreatitis causes the release of some of the pancreases digestive enzymes into the pancreas itself, where they digest pancreatic tissue, releasing amylase and lipase into the blood

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13
Q

What is a dynamic function test?

A

Where a particular endocrine “axis” is tested dynamically, either by suppressing it or stimulating it in some way

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14
Q

Is normal urine acidic or alkaline?

A

Acidic

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15
Q

How is carbonic acid removed?

A

As CO2

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16
Q

What neutralises H+?

A

H2CO3

17
Q

What is formed when H+ and bicarbonate combine?

A

Carbonic acid (removed as CO2)

18
Q

What is acidaemia?

A

Increased [H+]

19
Q

What is alkalaemia?

A

Decreased [H+]

20
Q

What is acidosis?

A

Process tending to cause increased [H+]

21
Q

What is alkalosis?

A

Process tending to cause decreased [H+]