Pharmacology 3-5%

Question 1

Side effect from misoprostol

Answer 1

Abortion

Question 2

Mechanism of action for epi for bronchodiltion? (Which receptor)

Answer 2

Beta 2

Question 3

Which side effect of methimazole are reduced by transdermal adm?
A) GI
B) wxcortiation
C) hepatotox
D) blood dyscrasia

Answer 3

GI

Question 4

Taxanes
1. MOA
2. Examples
3. Side effects / toxicities

Answer 4

1. Block M phase of cell cycle by interfering with microtubule reorganization and disassembly
   Mitotic block at metaphase-anaphase
2. Paclitaxel (Taxol) - non resectable mammary carcinoma in dods, SCC
   Docetazel
3. Myelosupression, GI, Hypersensitivity

MDR1 drugs

Question 5

Alkalatying agents
1. MOA
2. Examples
3. Side effects / toxicities

Answer 5

1. Cell cycle non specific, block S phase of cell cycle by creating DNA cross links but also inhibit cell division
2. Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
   Chlorambucil (Leukeran)
   Melohalan (Alkeran)
   Mechlorethamine (Mustargen)
   Lomustine (CCNU)
   Carmustine
   Steptozotocin
3. Myelosupression
   - cumulative myelosupression CCNU, metaphan, chlorambucil
   GI

Question 6

Cyclophosphamide
1. What type
2. Indications
3. Side effects

Answer 6

1. Alkalating agent
2. Lymphoma, oral metronomic chemo, MM
3. GI, bone marrow, sterile haemorrhagic cystitis, nephrotoxicity

Bonus - metabolite responsible for sterile haemorrhagic cystitis is acrolein !

Question 7

MOA penicillin

Answer 7

Interfere with peptidoglycan production (bacterial cell wall constituent)

Question 8

Chlorambucil (Leukeran)
- Indications
- side effects

Answer 8

• CLL (chrinic lymphocytic leukemia), low grade (small cell) lymphoma, substitute for cytoxan
• GI, bone marrow (cumulative) (Fanconi syndrome)

Question 9

Lomustine (CCNU)
- indications
- side effects

Answer 9

• LSA rescue, CNS, or single agent, MCT, histipcytic sarcoma
• GI, bone marrow (cumulatuve) - often PLT, hepatotoxicitu, pulm fibrosis (cumulative)
• Nadir 10-14d, often tx with 10 days prophylactic abs starting at day 3, crosses BBB

Question 10

Melphalan
- indications
- side effects

Answer 10

• multiple myeloma, anal sac adenocarcinoma
• side effects: GI, bone marrow (cumulative esp trombocytopeani)

Question 11

Which drug penetrates the prostate best?
A) cefazolin
B) ceftiofur
C) aminoglicoside
D) fluoroquinolone

Answer 11

Fluoroquinolone

Question 12

Which of the following targets mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)
A) cyclosporine
B) tacrolimus
C) mycophenolate
D) sirolimus

Answer 12

Sirolimus (=rapamycin)

Question 13

Mechloretamine (Mustargen) - Mustar gas

Answer 13

Lymphoma rescue (MOPP or MVPP)
Side effects: GI, bone marrow, staff exposure
Absolute requirement for chemo hood (volatile)

Question 14

Streptozocin

Answer 14

Insulinoma
Side effects : GI, bone marrow, diabetes mellitus

Question 15

Platinum agents

MOA
Examples
Indications
Side effects / toxicities

Answer 15

Non cell cycle specific
Cells in s phase more susceptible
Covalent bonding to DNA

Carboplatin
Cisplatin

OSA
Carcinomas

Myelosupression
GI
Nephrotoxicity
Cisplatin - fatal pulmonary oedema in cats

‘Cisplatin splats cats’

Question 16

Lipid therapy for toxins

Answer 16

Ivermectin

Question 17

Firocoxib predominant activity

Answer 17

Cox-2

Question 18

Main side effect of oclatinib

Answer 18

Diarrhoea

Question 19

MOA Doxycycline

Answer 19

inhibits 30s ribosome subunit, stop mRNA translation

Question 20

MOA Sulfonamide

Answer 20

inhibits folic acid synthesis via competitive inhibitor to PABA – a folic acid precursor

Question 21

MOA Enrofloxacin

Answer 21

inhibits topoisomerase II, prevents DNA cleavage/reunion/repair

Question 22

MOA Diazoxide

Answer 22

stimulates beta cell secretion

Question 23

Drug to treat feline trichomonas

Answer 23

Ronidazole

Question 24

MOA of phenylpropanolamine

Answer 24

Alpha agonist – constricsts bladder neck and proximal urethra

Question 25

What therapy should not be used to treat head trauma ?

Answer 25

Methylprwdnisolone