GI 9-11%

Question 1

What is the most importance of lecithin in digestion?

Answer 1

First stage of lipid emulsification

Question 2

What does gastrin cause?

Answer 2

Trophic stimulant of the acid producing gastric mucosa

Question 3

Peptides are absorbed into enterocytes via what mechanism?

Answer 3

Na transport - there are at least 7 different transport systems, 5 are Na cotransporters and 2 are Na independent (PepT1 that uses H+ instead of Na)

Question 4

Na is absorbed in the gut via
A) ATP active transport
B) passive down concentration gradient
C) passive down electrochemical gradient

Answer 4

Na transport

Question 5

Which of the following stimulated insulin release
A) alanine
B) cholesterol
C) epinephrine
D) somatostatin

Answer 5

Alanine

Question 6

Main stimulus for GI kotility

Answer 6

Myenteric plexus

Question 7

If you have ornithine deficiency, which will increase
A) ammonia
B) other encepalopathy substances

Answer 7

?

Question 8

CpG and LPS are examples of
A) PAMPS
B) DAMPS

Answer 8

PAMP

Question 9

List classical
pAMPS

Answer 9

LPS
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA)
Viral double stranded RNA (da RNA)
Fungal b- glucans

Question 10

What is the effect of erythomycin on motilin receptors?

Answer 10

Erythromycin is motilin agonist

Question 11

Where is bilirubin conjugated?

Answer 11

Hepatocytes

Question 12

What do enterochromaffin like ECL) cells produce

Answer 12

Histamine

Question 13

What increases trigliceride mobilization from chylomicrons

Answer 13

LDL

Question 14

After 24h the serum is lipaemic, what is the most likely cause?

Answer 14

VLDL

Question 15

What activates pepsin

Answer 15

HCl

Question 16

What activates trypsinogen

Answer 16

Enterokinase

Question 17

Action of ghrelin

Answer 17

Stimulate hunger and GH
Secreted when stomach empty
Act on hypothalmic brain cells to increase hunger and gastric acid secretion and GI motility

Question 18

What do dirlotapide and mitratapide do ?

Answer 18

Selctive microsomal trigliceride transfer protein (MTTP) inhibitor.
Blocks assemly and release of lipoproteins in the gut and VLDL in the liver = reduced fat absorption
Causes hepatic lipidosis in cats

Question 19

Distal small intestine, what is exchanged for bicarb secretion

Answer 19

Cl

Question 20

Treatment for Boxer granulomatous colitis

Answer 20

Enrofloxacin

Question 21

What concurrent conditions worsen hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 21

Hyperglycaemia