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Wrap Up > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Hoodia

A

Cactus - South Africa lowers BP and appetite

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2
Q

Garcinia

A

S. Asia - Clearing the bowels

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3
Q

Piperine

A

Alkalooid - power of black pepper; CYP inhibitor, P-gp inhibitor

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4
Q

Supplements or Vitamin intake higher? Who takes them more?

A

Supplements more and women take them more

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5
Q

2 top reasons for supplements?

A

Weight loss and heart problems

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6
Q

Products manufactured under what?

A

Good Manufacturing Process

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7
Q

Standardized on supplement label means

A

Does not indicate product quality

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8
Q

Kava and Comfrey

A

hepatotoxic and teratogen

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9
Q

What can supplement and herb labels say?

A

Not that it cures but there is a connection with other bad health cause which this supplement can reduce the risk of that. Statements not approved by the FDA

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10
Q

When should surgery candidates stop taking supplements? and Why?

A

2 weeks prior to surgery and due to effects on platelet aggregation

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11
Q

Ephedra

A

Stimulates cardiovascular system

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12
Q

Kava-Kava Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver - sleep

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13
Q

Comfrey Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver - bone and muscle

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14
Q

Germander Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver - weight loss

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15
Q

Green Tea Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver - antioxidant

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16
Q

Chaparral Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver and Heart toxic - arteritis

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17
Q

Borage Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver and Heart toxic - rheumatoid artertitis

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18
Q

Senna Toxicity and weight loss?

A

Liver and Heart toxic - laxative

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19
Q

Licorice Toxicity and weight loss?

A

pseudo-hyperaldosteronism by glycyrhizzin - peptic ulcer and flavoring

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20
Q

Coumarin derivatives

A

Anise, Celery, Chamomile, Fenugreek, Red Clover

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21
Q

Salicylate derivatives

A

Meadowsweet, Poplar, Willowbark

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22
Q

Antiplatelet Action

A

Garlic, Ginkgo Biloba

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23
Q

Hypercoagulability

24
Q

Bitter Orange, Echinacea, Ginkgo Biloba, Ginsend

A

CYP inhibitor

25
Q

St. Johns Wort

A

CYP inducer

26
Q

Echinacea and Ginseng

A

Antagonist of immunosuppresants like azathioprine, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, tacrolimus

27
Q

Caffeine and Green Tea

A

Stimulants and additive effect with phentermine, psudoephedrine, nicotine

28
Q

Red Clover

A

Estrogen like compounds causing breast and uterine cancer

29
Q

Pomegranate juice

A

Tx Prostate Cancer, CYP inducer and increase rhabdomyolysis

30
Q

Cranberry Juice

A

Prevents UTI by inhibiting E coli adherence. More effective in recurrent UTIs, females, children and using cranberry products more than twice daily

31
Q

Vitamin C

A

Forma oxalate crystals tats precipitate in kidneys causing acute renal failure

32
Q

Vitamin A

A

Birth defects, Liver damage, osteoporosis

33
Q

Vitmin D

A

Heart Arrhythmia,

34
Q

Vitamin E or K

A

Antagonize warfarin anticoagulant

35
Q

Meta-analysis discovery on supplements?

A

Increase mortality

36
Q

Omega fatty 3

A

positive effects on lipid levels, MI and Alzheimers disease

37
Q

Coenzyme Q10 function

A

Healthy muscle, CV, reduce BP, lipid and increase exercise tolerance.

38
Q

What vitamin is Vitamin K related to and its effect?

A

Coenzyme Q10 and is a coagulant to antagonize warfarin anticoagulant effects

39
Q

Glucosamine function

A

Joint pain relief. Only sulfate form has biological effect.

40
Q

Melatonin ( Ramelteon)

A

Metabolized by CYPs, works like serotonin so causes psychosis. Decreases sperm count

41
Q

Beta-sitosterols function

A

REduce BPH so increase urine flow

42
Q

Vitamin CoQ function

43
Q

Echinacea function

A

no therapeutic effect

44
Q

Garlic function

A

Reduce cholesterol

45
Q

Ginseng

A

Reduce LDL,cholesterol, blood sugar, boost immune, antimicrobials and response to flu vaccine

46
Q

Malatonin

A

reduces jetlag

47
Q

Folic acid

A

Mental health

48
Q

Ginkgo biloba

A

Mental health, slows decline, works like donepezil ( AchE inhibitor)

49
Q

SAMe - S-adenosyl-L-methionine

A

TCAs, boost SSRIs

50
Q

Valerian

A

Sleep anxiety in children with ADHD

51
Q

Omega 3 FA

A

Helps Antidepressants

52
Q

St Johns Wort

A

Mild/moderate depression effective for children

53
Q

Selenium in HIV patients

A

increase immune, good work on prostate, colorectal and lung cancers

54
Q

Zinc

A

Decrease child diarrhea, decrease sicle cell symptoms, helps gastric ulcers,

55
Q

Chromium interaction with concurrent medications

A

beta blockers, corticosteroids, inculin, NSAIDs may be enhanced or increase chromium absorption

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