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Wrap Up > Microbiology - Clinical Guide > Flashcards

Microbiology - Clinical Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Conventional Bacteria

A

Rods and Cocci

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2
Q

4 main microbes causing pneumoniae-meningitis

A

S. pneumoniae, H. influenza,N. meningitis and Moraxella catarrhalis

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3
Q

Prinicipal players of pneumoniae and meningitis

A

S. pneumoniae and H. influenza

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4
Q

G+ diplococcus causing otitis, acute sinusitis, pneumoniae and meningitis

A

S. pneumoniae

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5
Q

G- rod causing otitis, acute sinusitis, pneumoniae and meningitis

A

H. influenza

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6
Q

Virulence factors of S. pneumoniae and H. influenza

A

Capsules

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7
Q

What kind of organisms cause meningitis

A

Encapsulated organisms

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8
Q

G- diplococcus causing otitis, acute sinusitis, pneumoniae and meningitis

A

N. meningitis

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9
Q

Organism causing otitis, sinusitis, brochitis, mild pneumonia in COPD and elderly patients

A

Moraxella catarrhalis

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10
Q

Mouth aerobes

A

Alpha virdans and Neisseria and HACEK organisms

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11
Q

Mouth aerobe that causes endocarditis and dental abscesses

A

Virdans Strep

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12
Q

Organism causing dental caries

A

Strep. mutans

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13
Q

HACEK organisms

A

HEmophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella

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14
Q

Name “Bad Staph”( infect healthy people) and what it can cause

A

S. aureus. Skin infection,wound infection, sepsis, metastasize, toxic shock and nosocomial pathogen

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15
Q

Coagulase + and Catalase +

A

S. aureus

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16
Q

Name “Not so bad” Staphs(need predisposing factor to cause disease) and what it causes

A

S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus

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17
Q

What does the two “Not so bad” Stap cause

A

S. epidermidis - Infections with indwelling plastic devices.
S. saprophyticus - UTIs in young women

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18
Q

What are the “Bad Strep”

A 
Group A ( S. pyrogenes) and 
Group B (S. agalactiae)
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19
Q

Group A Strep location and what it causes

A

On mucous membrane and skin. Causes strep throat, scarlet fever and impetigo, rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

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20
Q

Group B Strep location and what it causes

A

Live in the colon and vagina. Causes sepsis and meningitis in neonates.
Sepsis, arthritis, meningitis in adults and diabetics

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21
Q

Leading cause of sepsis and meningitis in neonates

A

Group B Streptococcus

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22
Q

Not so bad Strep

A

Viridans Strep. (Alpha and Gamma hemolytic species)

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23
Q

What Strep is linked to colon cancer

A

S. bovis

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24
Q

World’s most antibiotic resistant bacteria

A

Enterococci

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25
Q

Enterobacteriaceae organisms

A

E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

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26
Q

Non-fermenters

A

Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter

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27
Q

Diseases G- can cause

A

UTIs, intra-abdominal infections and sepsis

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28
Q

Strict anaerobes cause what diseases and how

A

By doing it in combination with aerobes. Aspiration pneumonia, brain abscesses, chronic infections

29
Q

Honorary bacterium

A

Candida- a yeast but does everything a bacterium does

30
Q

Intracellular organism non-typical G- rods, causing visceral abscess, osteomyelitis

A

Non-typhoid Salmonella

31
Q

Relapsing fever, rat bite fever caused by

A

Spirochetes causing syphilis,lyme disease, leptospirosis

32
Q

Diagnostic for spirochetes

33
Q

Chronic, focal infections of the lung, severe disseminated infections in immunocompromised people

A

Actinomycetes - Actinomyces, Norcardia

34
Q

Chronic meningitis in normal and immunocompromised hosts, capsule seen with india ink stain of CSF

A

Cryptococcus(yeast)

35
Q

Fungo that causes necrotizing sinusitis invaded the brain of a diabetic ketoacidodic patient that is immunocompromised - Rhinocerebral mucormycosis

A

Zygomycetes (mold)

36
Q

Subcutaneous nodular inflammatory lesions in a lymphatic vessel after a puncture wound
(lymphangitis) , especially in gardners using sphagnum moss

A

Sporothrix- yeast

37
Q

Which is most apt to invade CNS and cause meningitis, Histoplasma, Coccidioides or Blastomyces

A

Coccidioides

38
Q

Leading cause of Atypical pneumoniae

A

Mycoplasma

39
Q

Most commonly sexually transmitted GU pathogen

A

C. trachomatis

40
Q

Severe febrile pneumoniae from birds

A

Chlamydia psittaci

41
Q

Urethrits, Cervicitis and PID

A

N. gonorrheae

42
Q

Intracellular organism with unusual cell wall, cannot make own ATP

43
Q

Insect vector, causing rash, fever and headache

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - Rickettsiae

44
Q

Treatement of Rickettsiae

A

Doxycycline

45
Q

cat scratch disease, trench fever, peliosis hepatitis, bacillary angiomatosis

A

Bartonellae

46
Q

Agent of ehrlichiosis, prolonged febrile illness, different cytopenias in the blood

A

Anaplasmataceae

47
Q

Organism causing fever of unknown origin

A

Bartonellosis and Ehrilichiosis

48
Q

Single celled parasites names

A

Protozoa - toxoplasma, entamoeba, giardia, cryptosporidium, trichomonas, pneumocystis( a fungus)

49
Q

Multicellular parasites

A

helminths - Strongyloides, Toxocara, and worms

50
Q

Worm with entire life cycle in humans, causing hyperinfection syndrome

A

Strongyloides- human hookworm

51
Q

“Piggyback sepsis”

A

When Strongyloides take E. coli with them

52
Q

Asymptomatic in humans, fever, wheezing, hepatosplenomegaly, eosinophilia, visceral larva migrans

A

Toxocara( dog roundworm)

53
Q

Common intestinal nematodes

A

roundworm , pinworm, whipworm, gookworm and ringworm

54
Q

What worms invade the liver to cause cysts

A

Echinococcus

55
Q

What worms invade the brain to cause cysts causing headaches and seizures
( neurocysticercosis )

A

Taenia solium

56
Q

Commonest parasitic disease worldwide

57
Q

What virus cause acute infections

A

RNA viruses

58
Q

What virus cause chronic infections

A

DNA viruses and retroviruses

59
Q

The silent epidemic

60
Q

cold sores and severe necrotizing encephalitis

61
Q

Commonest manifestation of HSV-1 in an immunocompromised patient is

A

Esophagitis

62
Q

What virus is an indication for cesarean delivery

A

HSV-2 - genital herpes

63
Q

What causes chickenpox and shingles

64
Q

Principal cause of mononucleosis and can cause lymphoma

65
Q

Aymptomatic in childhood yet causes a mono-like-illness in an adult

66
Q

What disease does HHV-6 cause

A

roseola-baby measles and febrile seizures in kids

67
Q

What cells does HHV-6 infect?

68
Q

What causes Kaposi sarcoma

Wrap Up (11 decks)

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