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EPPP Study > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

First generation antipsychotics are dopamine what:
agonist
partial agonist
inverse agonist
antagonists

A

dopamine antagonists (block dopamine receptors)

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2
Q

First generation antipsychotics are more helpful for relieving what kind of schizophrenia sxs? Positive or negative

A

Positive sxs
delusions, hallucinations

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3
Q

What are some anticholinergic side effects?

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, urinary retention, tachychardia, impaired attention and concentration

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4
Q

What 3 kinds of side effects exist for first generation antipsychotics

A

anticholinergic effects
extrapyramidal effects
neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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5
Q

What are some of the extrapyramidal side effects?

A

Parkinsonism (resting tremor), dystonia (involuntary muscle spasms in head and neck) akathisia (restlessness and pacing), tardive dyskinesia (involuntary repetitive movements of tongue, face, and jaw)

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6
Q

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome sxs include?

A

Potentially life threatening
Autonomic dysfunction
Muscle rigidity
hyperthermia
altered mental state

Should stop meds at first sign of these sxs

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7
Q

Clozapine (Clozaril), Risperidone (Risperdal), and Olanzapine (Zyprexa) are what kind of drugs

A

Second Generation Antipsychotics

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8
Q

Second generation antipsychotics are antagonists for what

A

Dopamine and Serotonin

Effective for treating positive sxs of schizophrenia and some may be effective for negative sxs

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9
Q

Chlopromazine (Thorazine), Haloperidol (Haldol), Thioidazine (Mellaril), and Fluphenazine (Prolixin) are what kinds of drugs

A

First generation antipsychotics

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10
Q

What second generation antipsychotic can be used when first generation antipsychotics have been ineffective

A

Clozapine (clozaril)

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11
Q

Second generation antipsychotics are less likely to cause what kind of side effects than first generation antipsychotics

A

extrapyramidal side effects

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12
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), Fluvoxamine (luvox), Paroxetine (Paxil), Sertraline (Zoloft), and Citalopram (Celexa) are what kinds of drugs?

A

SSRIs

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13
Q

SSRIs treat several disorders besides depression. These include:

A

Premature ejaculation
PMDD
OCD
Panic Disorder
GAD
PTSD
Bulimia

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14
Q

SSRI’s do what to serotonin

A

Block it’s re-uptake (indirect agonists)

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15
Q

Venlafaxine (effexor), Duloxetine (Cymbalta), desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) what kind of drugs are these

A

SNRIs (block reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine)

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16
Q

What drugs are used to treat atypical depression

A

MAOIs

17
Q

What are sxs of atypical depression

A

hypersomnia, increased appetite, mood reactivity, rejection sensitivity,

18
Q

Which 2 antidepressant drugs should not be mixed or they cause serotonin syndrome which is life threatening

A

SSRIs and MAOI

19
Q

MAOI increase what 3 neurotransmitters

A

serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine

20
Q

Lithium and anticonvulsants are what type of drugs? What dx do they treat?

A

mood stabilizers ; Bipolar disorder

carbamezepine (tegretol) and Valproic Acid (Depakene)

21
Q

The first line treatment of mania and bipolar disorder

A

Lithium

22
Q

What are side effects of lithium

A

nausea, vomiting, a metallic taste, weight gain, hand tremor, impaired memory and concentration

23
Q

These kinds of antidepressant drugs treat neuropathic pain, depression, ocd, and anxiety

A

tricyclic antidepressants

24
Q

TCA (tricyclic antidepressants) exert their effects by inhibiting the reuptake of what neurotransmitters at pre synaptic cells

A

norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine

25
Q

What kind of antidepressants are cardiotoxic and lethal in overdose and should be prescribed with caution for those with suicidality and heart disease

A

Tricyclic antidepressants

26
Q

When ______ antidepressant drugs are paired with other drugs like antihistamines and foods that contain tyramine (aged cheese and meat, beer, yogurt, ripe bananas) can cause a hypertensive crisis

A

MAOIs

27
Q

Which antidepressant drug SSRIs or TCAs are more likely to produce sexual dysfunction

A

SSRIs

28
Q

Which antidepressant SSRI or TCA are more likely to produce anticholinergic effect and serious cardiovascular effects

A

TCAs

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