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MSRA > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Digoxin toxicity

A

‘Low Potassium Can Hurt’

Low
- HypoK, HypoMg, Hypoalbumin, Hypothermia/thyroidism

Potassium
- Drugs which lower potassium eg. thiazides / loop diuretics

CAN
- hyperCa, high Acid (acidosis), hyperNa

Hurt/heart
- Common heart drugs eg. Amiodarone, diltiazem, verapmail, spirinolactone

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2
Q

Digoxin toxicity can cause what unusual symptoms

A

yellow green vision
gynaecomastia

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3
Q

what drug can cause corneal opacities and optic neuritis

A

amiodarone

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4
Q

What antibiotic can cause long QT

A

macrolides (clary)

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5
Q

What drug can cause blue tinge to vision

A

sildenafil

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6
Q

contraindications to sildenafil

A

nitrates and nicorandil

recent stroke

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7
Q

what is sildenafil used for in neonates

A

pulm htn

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8
Q

When do you give cyclical vs continuous combined HRT

A

cyclical combined HRT if their LMP was less than 1 year ago

continuous combined HRT if they have:
-taken cyclical combined for at least 1 year
or
-it has been at least 1 year since their LMP/2 years if they had premature menopause

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9
Q

Cocaine treatment

A

benzos

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10
Q

2 side effects of tamoxifen

A

menstrual disturbance
hot flushes

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11
Q

benzo OD rx

A

flumazenil

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12
Q

methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning rx

A

ethanol or fomepizole

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13
Q

Salicylate OD rx

A

urinary alkalinization with IV bicarbonate

haemodialysis

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14
Q

TCA OD rx

A

IV bicarb to correct acidosis

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15
Q

Lithium OD rx

A

IVI

haemodialysis

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16
Q

Heparin toxicity rx

A

Protamine sulphate

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17
Q

Beta blocker toxicity rx

A

atropine if brady
glucagon

18
Q

Organophosphate insecticides poisoning

A

atropine

19
Q

Iron toxicity rx

A

Desferrioxamine

20
Q

Lead poisoning rx

A

Dimercaprol

Calcium edetate

21
Q

Carbon monoxide poisoning rx

A

100% O2

Hyperbaric O2

22
Q

Cyanide posioning rx

A

Hydroxocobalamin

Also combination of amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate

23
Q

Valproate bloods monitoring

A

LFT, FBC before treatment
LFT ‘periodically’ during first 6 months

24
Q

Glitazones blood monitoring

A

LFTs

25
Q

Azathioprine blood monitoring

A

FBC, LFT

26
Q

MTX blood monitoring

A

FBC, LFT, U&E

27
Q

Amiodarone blood monitoring

A

TFT, LFT

28
Q

What needs to be checked before starting TB treatment

A

LFTs

29
Q

side effects of amlodipine

A

headache, flushing, ankle oedema

30
Q

Which TB drug is associated with optic neuropathy

A

ethambutol

31
Q

TB drugs side effects

A

R - Rifampacin - ‘R’ed/Organge Urine
I - Isoniazid - ‘I’nhibits liver, ‘(p)Ins’ and needles
P - Pyrazinamide - ‘P’ainful joints + muscles
E - Ethambutol - ‘E’yes

32
Q

When is flumazenil contraindicated in benzo overdose?

A

Chronic benzo users as it can precipitate withdrawal seizures- supportive management

33
Q

when should NAC be given regardless of treatment line?

A

Staggered overdose

If they present 8-24 hours later and have ingested more than 150 mg/kg

Presenting >24 hours if they are clearly jaundiced or have hepatic tenderness, their ALT is above the upper limit of normal

34
Q

What NSAID is now contraindicated with any form of cardiovascular disease

A

diclofenac

35
Q

tinnitus can be a symptom of what overdose

A

aspirin

36
Q

What foetal issue can lithium cause

A

cardiac foetal abnormalities - Ebstein’s anomaly

37
Q

Drugs that cause gynaecomastia

A

‘Some Hormones Really Do Create Funny Knockers’

S - spironolactone
H - hormones (e.g. GnRH analgoues)
R- ranitidine
D - digoxin
C - cimetidine
F - finasteride
K - ketoconazole

38
Q

ECG finding of TCA overdose

A

Sinus tachy, broad QRS, dominant R wave in aVR

39
Q

Drug that can’t give at same time as levothyroxine

A

Ferrous sulphate
Ca carbonate

40
Q

serious side effect of carbimazole

A

agranulocytosis

41
Q

Drugs c/i in breastfeeding

A

B- bromocryptine, benzodiazepine
R- Radioactive drugs, rizatriptan
E- ergotamine
A- ACEi/ARB, aspirin, amiodaron, alcohol,
S- sulphonamide, sulphonylurea, statin
T- thiazide, tetracycline,( iso)tretinoin

42
Q

example of sulphonamide abx

A

co-trimoxazole

MSRA (21 decks)

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