Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSRA > Ophthal > Flashcards

Ophthal Flashcards

1
Q

Scleritis associated with which systemic disease

A

RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Painless sudden onset blidness suggests

A

a vascular cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

difference between stye and chalazion and blepharitis

A

stye is external eyelid gland infection (hordeolum externum is a type of stye)

chalazion is a meibomian gland cyst which is internal eyelid glands

Blepharitis is chronic inflammation of the lid margins and chronic colonisation by staph aureus due to abnormally thick secretions. Associated with acne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diabetic retinopathy signs on retina

A

microaneurysms
haemorrhages
hard exudates
cotton wool spots
neovascularisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 types of diabetic retinopathy

A

proliferative and non

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Other diabetic eye complication

A

macular oedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rx diabetic eye disease

A

Laser
Anti VEGF
Corticosteroids
Vitrectomy if severe haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HTN retina signs

A

AV nipping
Cotton wool spots
Flame haemorrhages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Red eye with
Serous discharge
Recent URTI
Preauricular lymph nodes

A

Viral conjunctivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dendritic lesion on cornea

A

HSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acute painful red eye
Fixed dilated pupil
Reduced visual acuity
Haloes around light

A

Acute angle closure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acute angle closure Rx

A

acetazolamide
timolol
steroids
pilocarpine

Definitive: Laser peripheral iridotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Severe acute onset pain in a red eye with irregular pupil shape
reduced visual acuity
photophobia
pain on focusing
hypopyon
history of UC

A

Uveitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

uveitis pain relief

A

dilating eye drops eg atropine or cyclopentolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

one area of redness in eye, uncomfortable but not too painful

A

episcleritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

diffuse redness in eye, pain radiating to forehead, worsening vision, watery

A

scleritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Scleritis rx

A

high dose systemic steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sudden onset flashes and floaters without visual loss

A

PVD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

central retinal artery occlusion mx

A

Lower IO pressure

Acetazolomide
Ocular massage
Vasodilator therapy such as sublignual isosorbide dinitrate

Intra-arterial thrombolysis: typically urokinase is administered via direct ophthalamic artery catheterisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which type of ARMD is worse

A

wet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

dry ARMD can lead to

A

wet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mx ARMD

A

if wet- VEGF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

poor night vision, constricted visua fields, early onset cataracts

A

retinitis pigmentosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Blocked nasolacrimal duct in baby mx

A

should resolve spont by 1 yr if not sugery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

90% eyelid malignancies are

A

bcc

26
Q

sjogrens surgical mx option

A

occlude the puncta

27
Q

Grade 1 hypertensive retinopathy shows how on retina

A

general arteriolar narrowing

28
Q

Grade 2 hypertensive retinopathy shows how on retina

A

focal narrowing, AV nipping

29
Q

Grade 3 hypertensive retinopathy shows how on retina

A

haemorrhage
exudate
Cotton wool spots
(like diabetic)

30
Q

Grade 4 hypertensive retinopathy shows how on retina

A

Same as 3 with optic disc swelling

31
Q

Cup to disc ratio of >0.2 suggests

A

glaucoma

32
Q

optic nerve swelling causes

A

Raised ICP
Optic neuritis
Malignant HTN
Uveitis

33
Q

Cherry red spot on retina

A

CRAO

34
Q

tortuous and engorged veins, haemorrhages, cotton wool spots and disc swelling on retina

in the context of acute visual loss

A

CRVO

35
Q

ARMD findings on retina dry vs wet

A

dry- drusen

wet- neovascularisation, haemorrhage, macular oedema

36
Q

amaurosis fugax rx

A

300mg aspirin as it is a form of TIA

37
Q

blurred vision, pain, swollen lid and hypopyon post eye surgery

A

endophthalmitis

38
Q

shingles on tip of nose mx

A

Hutchinson’s sign- could lead to ocular involvement (HZ ophthalmicus) - po antivirals and topical corticosteroids

39
Q

1st line open angle glaucoma

A

prostaglandin (-prost)

40
Q

RAPD causes

A

optic neuritis or retinal detachment

41
Q

all isolated nerve palsies mx

A

same day ophthal assessment

42
Q

third nerve palsy involving pupil is what

A

IC aneurysm until proven otherwise

43
Q

Acute Horner’s syndrome (particularly associated with neck pain) is what

A

carotid artery dissection until proven otherwise

44
Q

Child presenting with squint mx

A

any child under the age of 4 years with suspected squint should be referred to an ophthalmologist immediately.

45
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis rx in pregnancy

A

fuscidic acid drops

46
Q

Management of HSV ulcer

A

immediate referral to an ophthalmologist

topical aciclovir

47
Q

What is an Argyll-Robertson pupil

A

Pupils not reactive to light, but do constrict on accomodation

Highly sensitive for neurosyphilis

Also in diabetes

(syphilis- prostitute- ‘accomodate but doesn’t react’)

48
Q

Normal IOP

A

between 11 and 21 mmHg

49
Q

What is a Holmes Adie pupil

A

unilateral in 80% of cases

dilated pupil

once the pupil has constricted it remains small for an abnormally long time

slowly reactive to accommodation but very poorly (if at all) to light

Associated with absent ankle/knee reflexes

50
Q

what is a chalazion

A

retention cyst of the meibomian gland- should self resolve

51
Q

Marfan’s ocular issue

A

lens dislocation

52
Q

Blurring of vision again years after cataract surgery

A

Posterior capsule opacification

53
Q

‘Pizza’ appearance of retina

A

chorioretinitis

54
Q

chorioretinitis is associate with

A

CMV

55
Q

What electrolyte imbalance can cause cataracts

A

hypocalcaemia

56
Q

What could present like a chronic unilateral conjunctivitis resistant to treatment

A

Orbital lymphoma

57
Q

drops to differentiate episcleritis and scleritis

A

phenylephrine (vessels blanch in epi)

58
Q

What is a Hutchinson’s pupil

A

Unilaterally dilated pupil which is unresponsive to light. A result of compression of the occulomotor nerve of the same side, by an intracranial mass (e.g. tumour, haematoma)

59
Q
A

dacrocystitis

60
Q

black bone spicules

A

retinitis pigmentosa

61
Q

can you give topical steroids in herpes simplex keratitis

A

NO may worsen

MSRA (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions