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MSRA > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

1
Q

Metabolic ketoacidosis with normal or low glucose

A

alcoholic ketoacidosis

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2
Q

painless palpable gallbladder with mild jaundice

A

Pancreatic ca

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3
Q

most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD

A

arthritis

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4
Q

primary sclerosing cholangitis is associated with what bowel condition

A

UC

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5
Q

Difference between PSC and PCB

A

PCB is only intrahepatic ducts

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6
Q

PSC risks developing

A

cholangiocarcinoma

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7
Q

C diff rx

A

PO vanc/PO fidoxamicin

Second line OR in severe- PO vanc and IV metro

> 2 episodes- consider faecal transplant

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8
Q

H pylori eradication test

A

urea breath test

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9
Q

Mild UC presentation

A

<4 stools a day
Small amount of blood

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10
Q

Mod UC presentation

A

4-6 stools/day
Varying blood

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11
Q

Severe UC presentation

A

> 6 bloody stools/day

Systemic features eg NEWS high

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12
Q

Severe UC first line rx

A

IV steroids

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13
Q

Variceal bleed medication

A

terlipressin
Prophylactic antibiotics

consider beta blocker when stable to prevent recurrence

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14
Q

alcoholic hepatitis rx

A

supportive

If GBS >9 consider steroids

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15
Q

Ascites medical mx

A

spironolactone

consider adding loop diuretic if need

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16
Q

Hepatorenal syndrome rx

A

HAS

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17
Q

Chronic hep C rx

A

ribavirin
interferon alpha

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18
Q

Hep B rx to prevent chronic

A

interferon alpha

19
Q

PBC antibody

A

anti mitochontrial ab

20
Q

how to diagnose PBC

A

antimitochontrial ab positive
and
deranged LFTs

21
Q

PBC treatment

A

ursodeoxycholic acid
?transplant

22
Q

What do ferritin and TIBC do in IDA

A

Ferritin low (depleted iron stores)
TIBC high (body is still able to use iron)

23
Q

What do ferritin and TIBC do in anaemia of chronic disease

A

Ferritin may be high due to inflammation

TIBC low (the iron is ‘locked away’ in the inflammation)

24
Q

Criteria for life threatening C diff

A

Hypotension
Partial or complete ileus
Toxic megacolon, or CT evidence of severe disease

25
Q

what antibiotics can cause cholestasis

A

co-amox
fluclox
erythro

26
Q

What diabetes drug causes cholestasis

A

sulfonylureas

27
Q

drugs that may cause liver cirrhosis

A

methotrexate
methyldopa
amiodarone

28
Q

Most common cause of Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

hepatitis B most common cause worldwide
hepatitis C most common cause in Europe

29
Q

which extra-intestinal manifestations of Crohn’s disease are related to disease activity?

A

Arthritis: pauciarticular, asymmetric
Erythema nodosum
Episcleritis
Osteoporosis

30
Q

Drug that is a risk factor for C diff other than antibiotics

A

lansoprazole

31
Q

AST/ALT ratio in alcoholic hepatitis is

A

2:1

32
Q

First line in maintaining Crohn’s remission

A

azathioprine or mercaptopurine (check TPMT)
(2nd line MTX)
STOP SMOKING

33
Q

Inducing Crohn’s remission meds

A

Steroids
Mesalazine 2nd line
Infliximab in refractory or fistulating

34
Q

Disease most likely associated with PCB

A

Sjogren’s syndrome (80%)

35
Q

When are IV PPIs given in acute GI bleed

A

after endoscopy, if there is evidence of recent non-variceal haemorrhage

36
Q

When are GBS and Rockall scores used

A

GBS on presentation of UGI bleed
Rockall post endoscopy (percentage risk of rebleeding and mortality)

37
Q

Patients with UGI bleed who take warfarin should get what

A

prothrombin complex

38
Q

TIPS procedure is for what

A

variceal bleeds if not controlled with ligation/injection

39
Q

bloody diarrhoea is more characteristic of which type of IBD

A

UC

40
Q

intermittent dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), halitosis (bad breath), and nocturnal coughing are characteristic of what

A

pharyngeal pouch

41
Q

cyclical vomiting syndrome is associated with what other condition

A

migraines

42
Q

Metaplastic columnar epithelium on oesophageal biopsy

A

barretts

43
Q

type of oesophageal ca linked with GORD

A

Adenocarcinoma

44
Q

hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma also increases risk of what other type of cancer

A

endometrial

MSRA (21 decks)

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