Gastro Flashcards
Metabolic ketoacidosis with normal or low glucose
alcoholic ketoacidosis
painless palpable gallbladder with mild jaundice
Pancreatic ca
most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD
arthritis
primary sclerosing cholangitis is associated with what bowel condition
UC
Difference between PSC and PCB
PCB is only intrahepatic ducts
PSC risks developing
cholangiocarcinoma
C diff rx
PO vanc/PO fidoxamicin
Second line OR in severe- PO vanc and IV metro
> 2 episodes- consider faecal transplant
H pylori eradication test
urea breath test
Mild UC presentation
<4 stools a day
Small amount of blood
Mod UC presentation
4-6 stools/day
Varying blood
Severe UC presentation
> 6 bloody stools/day
Systemic features eg NEWS high
Severe UC first line rx
IV steroids
Variceal bleed medication
terlipressin
Prophylactic antibiotics
consider beta blocker when stable to prevent recurrence
alcoholic hepatitis rx
supportive
If GBS >9 consider steroids
Ascites medical mx
spironolactone
consider adding loop diuretic if need
Hepatorenal syndrome rx
HAS
Chronic hep C rx
ribavirin
interferon alpha
Hep B rx to prevent chronic
interferon alpha
PBC antibody
anti mitochontrial ab
how to diagnose PBC
antimitochontrial ab positive
and
deranged LFTs
PBC treatment
ursodeoxycholic acid
?transplant
What do ferritin and TIBC do in IDA
Ferritin low (depleted iron stores)
TIBC high (body is still able to use iron)
What do ferritin and TIBC do in anaemia of chronic disease
Ferritin may be high due to inflammation
TIBC low (the iron is ‘locked away’ in the inflammation)
Criteria for life threatening C diff
Hypotension
Partial or complete ileus
Toxic megacolon, or CT evidence of severe disease
what antibiotics can cause cholestasis
co-amox
fluclox
erythro
What diabetes drug causes cholestasis
sulfonylureas
drugs that may cause liver cirrhosis
methotrexate
methyldopa
amiodarone
Most common cause of Hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatitis B most common cause worldwide
hepatitis C most common cause in Europe
which extra-intestinal manifestations of Crohn’s disease are related to disease activity?
Arthritis: pauciarticular, asymmetric
Erythema nodosum
Episcleritis
Osteoporosis
Drug that is a risk factor for C diff other than antibiotics
lansoprazole
AST/ALT ratio in alcoholic hepatitis is
2:1
First line in maintaining Crohn’s remission
azathioprine or mercaptopurine (check TPMT)
(2nd line MTX)
STOP SMOKING
Inducing Crohn’s remission meds
Steroids
Mesalazine 2nd line
Infliximab in refractory or fistulating
Disease most likely associated with PCB
Sjogren’s syndrome (80%)
When are IV PPIs given in acute GI bleed
after endoscopy, if there is evidence of recent non-variceal haemorrhage
When are GBS and Rockall scores used
GBS on presentation of UGI bleed
Rockall post endoscopy (percentage risk of rebleeding and mortality)
Patients with UGI bleed who take warfarin should get what
prothrombin complex
TIPS procedure is for what
variceal bleeds if not controlled with ligation/injection
bloody diarrhoea is more characteristic of which type of IBD
UC
intermittent dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), halitosis (bad breath), and nocturnal coughing are characteristic of what
pharyngeal pouch
cyclical vomiting syndrome is associated with what other condition
migraines
Metaplastic columnar epithelium on oesophageal biopsy
barretts
type of oesophageal ca linked with GORD
Adenocarcinoma
hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma also increases risk of what other type of cancer
endometrial
