Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSRA > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Which antihypertensive is C/I in renovascular disease eg renal artery stenosis

A

ACEi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All ACS should get

A

aspirin 300mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When is STEMI eligible for PCI

A

If <12h presentation (or ongoing ischaemia at presentation)
AND
<120 min availability of PCI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If an ACS patient has PCI they should get what medication extra

A

Prasugrel for DAPT
Or if already on an anticoag- clopi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Alternative to PCI for STEMI

A

fibrinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What if STEMI had fibrinolysis and then the repeat ECG has persisting ischaemia

A

PCI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When should NSTEMI have immediate angio +/- PCI

A

unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When should NSTEMI get fonda?

A

If not having immediate angio and not bleed risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When should NSTEMI have PCI within 72h

A

If GRACE >3%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If NSTEMI is medically managed what do you give

A

Ticagrelor

Or clopi if bleed risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a normal ejection fraction

A

50-60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In a witnessed arrest on a monitor what do you do differently in ALS

A

If the initial rhythm is VF/VT, give up to three quick successive (stacked) shocks. Start chest compressions immediately after the third shock and continue CPR for 2 min.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Heart failure 1, 2 3rd line drugs

A
  1. ACE and beta blocker
  2. Aldosterone agonist (spiro) or eplerenone
  3. Empagliflozin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

angina worse on lying down

A

de cubitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Further treatment if angina not controlled on a max dose beta blocker?

A

Add CCB such as amlodipine, modified-release nifedipine, or modified-release felodipine

(note not diltiazem or verapamil as they are rate limiting CCBs- not to use in combo with BB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

First line meds to start in angina

A

Aspirin, statin, GTN spray and beta blocker or CCB (if CCB used as monotherapy then rate limiting one eg verapamil/diltiazem. If in combo with BB then amlod/nifed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

valve most affected in endocarditis of IVDUs

A

tricuspid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

MI causing a new left bundle branch block is most likely to be in what region?

A

anterior or anteroseptal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Alternating QRS amplitude on ecg shows

A

pericardial effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ECG change in hypocalcaemia

A

long qt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Post MI meds

A

ACE (or ARB)
Beta blocker
DAPT (one must be aspirin)
Statin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

syphilis, marfans and elhers danlos can cause what valve disease

A

Aortic regurg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

aortic valve disease- when is wide v narrow pulse pressure seen

A

wide in regurg
narrow in stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which is the only bicuspid valve normally

A

mitral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

systolic murmur with mid systolic click
or pansystolic

A

mitral regurg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

most common cause of mitral stenosis

A

rheumatic fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

systolic snap and diastolic rumble murmur

A

mitral stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

malar flush in what valve disease

A

mitral stenosis

29
Q

haemodynamically unstable AF rx

A

DC cardioversion
or can do medical cardioversion with amiodarone IV or IV flecainide

30
Q

leg ulcer that is shallow with irregular borders at the medial malleolus

A

venous

31
Q

Venous ulcer rx

A

elevate
compression

32
Q

ABPI must be what for compression stockings

A

> 0.6

33
Q

when is AAA screening

A

men in 65th year

34
Q

scan recalls for AAA

A

> 3cm every year
4.5cm every 3 months
5.5 2ww vasc referral

35
Q

most common site of aneurysm

A

popliteal

36
Q

is lymphoedema pitting or non pitting

A

non pitting eventually

37
Q

arm exercise resulting in neurology such as vertigo, diploplia

A

Subclavian steal syndrome

38
Q

J waves seen in

A

hypothermia

39
Q

U waves seen in

A

hypokalaemia

40
Q

delta waves on ecg

A

WPW

41
Q

Hypokalaemia ECG findings

A

U have no Pot and no T, but a long PR and a long QT

U waves

ST depression

42
Q

Complete heart block following a MI- where is the lesion

A

Right coronary artery lesion

43
Q

First line for angina

A

beta-blocker or a rate limiting calcium channel blocker

44
Q

second line for angina

A

combine beta blocker and CCB but change CCB to NON RATE LIMITING

If still no improvement add one of:
a long-acting nitrate
ivabradine
nicorandil
ranolazine

45
Q

what increase in Cr is acceptable in initiating ACEi?

A

30%

46
Q

Mx if ABPM is >= 135/85 mmHg (i.e. stage 1 hypertension)

A

treat if < 80 years of age

AND any of the following apply; target organ damage,
established cardiovascular disease, renal disease,
diabetes
QRISK 10% or greater

47
Q

Mx if ABPM/HBPM >= 150/95 mmHg (i.e. stage 2 hypertension)

A

offer all drug rx

48
Q

What to offer if HTN not controlled on triple therapy (ACE, CCB and TLD)

A

If K <4.5- spironolactone

If K>4.5 - alpha or beta blocker

49
Q

drug contraindicated in ventricular tachycardia

A

verapamil

50
Q

recommended treatment for regular broad complex tachycardia without adverse signs

A

amiodarone

51
Q

drug that can make clopi less effective

A

omeprazole (can use lansoprazole instead)

52
Q

pericarditis ecg changes

A

Global ST and PR segment changes

53
Q

Persistent ST elevation following recent MI, no chest pain, tired and breathless

A

left ventricular aneurysm

54
Q

Post MI
Pain on lying flat, widespread ST elevation and PR depression
Fever

A

Dressler’s syndrome (pericarditis)

55
Q

Acute heart failure post MI with signs of tamponade

A

LV free wall rupture

56
Q

Acute heart failure post MI with pan systolic murmur

A

VSD

57
Q

Post MI acute hypotension and pulm oedema with an early-mid systolic murmur

A

Acute mitral regurg (papillary muscle rupture)

58
Q

what disease can falsely elevate BNP

A

COPD

59
Q

collapsing pulse

A

aortic regurg

60
Q

how do you decide whether to anticoagulate an AF patient

A

CHADVASC, however if they also have valvular hear disease you must anticoagulate

61
Q

cardio med to avoid in HOCUM

A

ACEi

61
Q

Appearance of RHS on ECH

A

S1Q3T3 or TWI in V1-4

62
Q

What to do with anticoag post cardioversion for AF?

A

Continue for at least 4 weeks. Redo CHADVASC, if still risk for stroke then continue anticoag life long

63
Q

unequal arm pulses and BP with chest pain

A

aortic dissection

64
Q

c/i to IV adenosine

A

asthma- give verapamil

65
Q

preferred first line med in HF if the person has diabetes mellitus or has signs of fluid overload.

A

acei

66
Q

preferred first line med in HF if the person has angina.

A

BB

67
Q

What are the risks of asystole in the bradycardia algorithm

A

recent asystole

Mobitz II block

CHB + broad QRS

Ventricular pause >3s

68
Q

when to screen for secondary causes of HTN

A

under 40 who lack traditional risk factors for essential hypertension

other signs and/or symptoms of secondary causes

resistant hypertension.

MSRA (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions