Pharmacology Flashcards
Albuterol (medication)
Bronchodilator
Amlodipine besylate (medication)
Antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker
Amoxicillin (medication)
Antibiotic
Aripiprazole (medication)
Antipsychotic
Atorvastatin (medication)
Antilipemic, statin
Azithromycin (medication)
Antibiotic
Celecoxib (medication)
Anti-inflammatory
Cephalexin (medication)
Antibiotic
Clopidogrel (medication)
Anti-platelet agent
Donepezil (medication)
Anti-Alzheimer’s
Duloxetine (medication)
Anti-depressant
Enoxaparin (medication)
Anticoagulant
Escitalopram (medication)
Anti-depressant
Esomeprazole (medication)
Anti-ulcer agent, proton-pump inhibitor
Fenofibrate (medication)
Anti-lipemic
Fluticasone/salmeterol (medication)
Anti-asthma, glucocorticoid, bronchodilator (Flonase)
Furosemide (medication)
Diuretic (Lasik)
Gabapentin (medication)
Anticonvulsant
Hydrochlorothiazide (medication)
Diuretic
Hyrdrocodone/Acetaminophen (medication)
Opioid (narcotic) analgesic
Insulin (medication)
Hypoglycemic
Levofloxacin (medication)
Thyroid hormone
Lisinopril (medication)
Anti-hypertensive, ACE inhibitor
Losartan (medication)
Anti-hypertensive
Memantine (medication)
Anti-Alzheimer’s
Metformin (medication)
Hypoglycemic
Methylphenidate (medication)
Central nervous system stimulant
Metoprolol succinate (medication)
Anti-hypertensive, beta blocker
Montelukast (medication)
Bronchodilator (singulair)
Olanzapine (medication)
Anti-psychotic
Omeprazole (medication)
Anti-ulcer agent, proton-pump inhibitor
Oxycodone (medication)
Opioid (narcotic) analgesic
Pioglitazone (medication)
Hypoglycemic
Pravastatin (medication)
Anti-lipemic, statin
Prednisone (medication)
Glucocorticoid (steroid)
Pregabalin (medication)
Anti-convulsant
Quetiapine (medication)
Anti-psychotic
Rosuvastatin (medication)
Anti-lipemic, statin
Sildenafil (medication)
Erectile dysfunction
Simvastatin (medication)
Anti-lipemic, statin
Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (medication)
Antibiotic
Tramadol (medication)
Analgesic
Valsartan (medication)
Anti-hypertensive
Warfarin (medication)
Anti-coagulant
Zolpidem (medication)
Sedative-hypnotic (sleep)
Amp (dosage form ABBR)
Ampule
Cr (dosage form ABBR)
Cream
Liq (dosage form ABBR)
Liquid
Sup (dosage form ABBR)
Suppository
Tab (dosage form ABBR)
Tablet
Cap (dosage form ABBR)
Capsule
Elix (dosage form ABBR)
Elixir
Lot (dosage form ABBR)
Lotion
Syr (dosage form ABBR)
Syrup
Ung (dosage form ABBR)
Ointment
C (measurement ABBR)
Cup, Celsius
ds (measurement ABBR)
Double strength
g, gm (measurement ABBR)
Gram
gr (measurement ABBR)
Grain
gtt (measurement ABBR)
Drop
kg (measurement ABBR)
Kilogram
L (measurement ABBR)
Liter
lb (measurement ABBR)
Pound
mcg (measurement ABBR)
Microgram
mEq (measurement ABBR)
Milliequivalent
mg (measurement ABBR)
Milligram(s)
mg/dL (measurement ABBR)
Milligrams per deciliter
oz (measurement ABBR)
Ounce
qt (measurement ABBR)
Quart
Tbsp (measurement ABBR)
Tablespoon
Tsp (measurement ABBR)
Teaspoon
ID (route of administration ABBR)
Intradermally
IM (route of administration ABBR)
Intramuscular
Inj (route of administration ABBR)
Injection
IV (route of administration ABBR)
Intravenous
PO (route of administration ABBR)
By mouth, orally
PR (route of administration ABBR)
Rectally
R, rec (route of administration ABBR)
Rectally
Subcut (route of administration ABBR)
Subcutaneous
Top (route of administration ABBR)
Topical
A (frequency of administration)
Before
ac (frequency of administration)
Before meals
ad lib (frequency of administration)
As desired
AM (frequency of administration)
Morning
bid (frequency of administration)
Twice a day
Noct (frequency of administration)
Night
Ut dict (frequency of administration)
As directed
Agit (ABBR)
Shake, stir
aq (ABBR)
Water
cmpd (ABBR)
Compound
DAW (ABBR)
Dispense as written
Dil (ABBR)
Dilute
Disp (ABBR)
Dispense
Eq (ABBR)
Equivalent
Ext (ABBR)
Extract
Fe (ABBR)
Iron
Gen (ABBR)
Generic
K (ABBR)
Potassium
MDI (ABBR)
Metered-dose inhaler
Med (ABBR)
Medicine
MO (ABBR)
Mineral oil
Neb (ABBR)
Nebulizer
nr (ABBR)
No refills
Per (ABBR)
By means of, through
qs (ABBR)
Quality sufficient
Rept (ABBR)
Repeat
rf (ABBR)
Refills
Sig (ABBR)
Write on the label
Susp (ABBR)
Suspension
Analgesics (Meds and uses)
Relieve pain:
Acetaminophen, Hydrocodone
Antacids/Anti-ulcer (Meds and uses)
Neutralize stomach acid:
Esomeprazole, Calcium carbonate
Antibiotics (Meds and uses)
Kill bacteria:
Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin
Anti-cholinergics
Reduce bronchospasm:
Ipratropium, Dicyclomine
Anti-coagulant
Delay blood clotting:
Warfarin, Enoxaparin, Heparin
Anti-convulsant (Meds and uses)
Prevent/Control seizures:
Clonazepam (klonopin), Phenytoin, Gabapentin
Anti-depressants (Meds and uses)
Relieve depression:
Doxepin, Fluoxetine, Duloxetine, Selegiline
Anti-diarrheals (Meds and uses)
Reduce diarrhea:
Bismuth subsalicylate, Loperamide
Anti-emetics (Meds and uses)
Reduce nausea/vomiting:
Metoclopramide, Ondansetron (zofran)
Anti-fungals (Meds and uses)
Kill fungi:
Fluconazole, Nystatin, Miconazole
Anti-histamines (Meds and uses)
Relieves allergies:
Diphenhydramine (benadryl), Cetirizine (zyrtec), Loratadine (claritin)
Anti-hypertensives (Meds and uses)
Lower blood pressure:
Metoprolol, Lisinopril, Valsartan, Clonidine, Losartan
Anti-inflammatories (Meds and uses)
Reduce inflammation:
Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, Naproxen
Anti-lipemics (Meds and uses)
Lowers cholesterol:
Atorvastatin, Fenofibrate
Anti-migraine agents (Meds and uses)
Relieve migraines:
Topiramate, Sumatriptan
Anti-osteoporosis agent (Meds and uses)
Impove bone density:
Alendronate, Ibandronate, Calcitonin
Anti-psychotics (Meds and uses)
Control psychotic symptoms:
Quetiapine, Haliperidol, Risperidone, Olanzapine
Anti-pyretics (Meds and uses)
Reduce fever:
Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, Asprin
Anti-spasmodics/muscle relaxants (Meds and uses)
Reduce/prevent muscle spasms:
Cyclobenzaprine, Methocarbamol
Anti-tussives (Meds and uses)
Suppresses the cough reflex
Dextromethorphan, Codeine
Anti-virals (Meds and uses)
Kill viruses:
Acyclovir, Interferon, Oseltamivir
Anxiolytics/Anti-anxiety (Meds and uses)
Reduce anxiety:
Clonazepam (Klonopin), Diazepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan)
Bronchodilators (Meds and uses)
Relax airway muscles:
Albuterol, Isoproterenol, Theophylline
Central nervous system stimulants (Meds and uses)
Reduce hyperactivity:
Methylphenidate, Modafinil
Contraceptives (Meds and uses)
Prevent pregnancy: Medroxyprogesterone acetate (depo), Ethinyl estradiol (pill)
Decongestants (Meds and uses)
Relieve nasal congestion:
Pseudoephedrine, Mometasone
Diuretics (Meds and uses)
Eliminate excess fluid:
Furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide
Hormone replacement (Meds and uses)
Stabilize hormone deficiencies:
Levothyroxine, Insulin, Desmopressin, Estrogen
Laxatives/Stool softeners (Meds and uses)
Promote bowel movements:
Magnesium hydroxide, Bisacodyl
Oral hypoglycemic (Meds and uses)
Reduce blood glucose:
Metformin, Acarbose, Glyburide
Sedative-hypnotics (Meds and uses)
Induce sleep/relaxation:
Zolpidem, Temazepam, Eszopiclone
15 drops (Household measurements)
Apothecary: 15 to 16 minims
Metric: 1 mL
1 teaspoon (household measurement)
Apothecary: 1 dram
Metric: 5 mL
1 tablespoon (household measurements)
Apothecary: 4 drams
Metric: 15 mL
1 fluid oz, 2 tbsp (household measurements)
Apothecary: 8 drams, 1 oz
Metric: 30 mL
1 cup (household measurements)
Apothecary: 8 oz
Metric: 240 mL
1 pint (household measurements)
Apothecary: 1 pint
Metric: 480 mL
1 quart (household measurements)
Apothecary: 1 quart
Metric: 960 mL
1 gallon (household measurements)
Apothecary: 1 gallon
Metric: 3,830 mL
2.2 pounds (household measurements)
Apothecary: 2.2 lbs
Metric: 1 kilogram
Aerosols (Forms of Meds and Route)
Inhalation
Caplets (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Capsules (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Creams (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical, vaginally, rectal
Drops (Forms of Meds and Route)
Otic, Ophthalmic, Nasal
Dry powder for inhalation (Forms of Meds and Route)
Inhalation
Elixirs (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Emulsions (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Foams (Forms of Meds and Route)
Vaginal
Gels (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral, Topical, Rectal
Injectable liquids (Forms of Meds and Route)
IV, IM, SubQ, ID
Liniments (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical
Used to protect dry/cracked skin, has more oil than regular lotion
Lotions (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical
Used to treat itching and to reduce inflammation
Lozenges (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral (cough drops)
Mist (Forms of Meds and Route)
Inhalation, nasal
Ointments (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical, Ophthalmic, Otic, Vaginal, Rectum
Patches (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical (transdermal)
Powders (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical
Powders for reconstitution (Forms of Meds and Route)
IV, IM, SubQ, ID
Solid extracts, Fluid extracts (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Solutions (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral, topical, vaginally, urethral, rectal (enemas)
Sprays (Forms of Meds and Route)
Topical, nasal, inhalation, sublingual
Steam (Forms of Meds and Route)
Inhalation
Suppositories (Forms of Meds and Route)
Vaginally, rectal
Suspensions (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Syrups (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral
Tablets (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral, buccal, sublingual, vaginal
Tinctures (Forms of Meds and Route)
Oral, topical
Schedule I (medication schedules)
Includes substances with high potential for abuse and no approved medical use. (Heroin, LSD, Mescaline, Marijuana)
Schedule II (medication schedules)
Includes substances with high potential for abuse/dependence. (Morphine, Methadone, Oxycodone, Hydromorphone, Hydrocodone, Fentanyl, Methamphetamine)
Schedule III (medication schedules)
Includes substances with moderate/low potential for abuse/dependence. (Ketamine, Anabolic steroids, Testosterone)
Schedule IV (medication schedules)
Includes substances with low potential for abuse/dependence. (Diazepam, Zolpidem, Eszopiclone, Alprazolam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clonazepam)
Schedule V (medication schedules)
Includes substances that contain limited quantities of narcotic, often for antidiarrheal, antitussive. (Diphenoxylate w/ atropine, Pregabalin, Lacosamide)
5 Rights of Medication Administration
The right patient The right medication The right dose The right route The right time
Absorbtion
The body converts the medication into a form the body can use and move into the bloodstream
Distribution
Transportation of Medication throughout the body. Blood stream carries medication to body tissues and organs.
Metabolism
Changes active forms of Medication into harmless metabolites ready for excretion through urine or feces.
Expectorants (meds and their uses)
Helps cough up mucous:
Decongestant (meds and their uses)
Reduces nasal membrane swelling and congestion:
You are teaching a patient about a cardiac event monitor. What instructions should you give?
- Wear the monitor for 30 days
- Continue regular activities
- Change electrodes daily
- Record any symtoms the pt experiences
